突眼实蝇（双翅目：实蝇科）是一类形态特殊的珍稀昆虫，头部具长眼柄，复眼位于眼柄的顶端；隶属于狭腹实蝇族Adramini突眼实蝇亚族Pelmatopina。本项目将开展其野外多样性调查和补点采集，记述新记录种、新性别及新分布，进行野外和笼养生物学观察实验，查明寄主植物及可能与透翅蛾间存在的生态或演化关系。在狭腹实蝇族背景下，依据形态和分子证据，重建其亚族属种间及狭腹实蝇亚族属级关系；在双翅目具眼柄蝇类演化背景下，探讨具眼柄蝇类是单一还是多个起源，以及趋异程度和分歧时间等。联系古生物和地学资料,揭示特定地质历史背景下该类群的形成演化特点和地理分布格局，以及可能的起源分化中心，阐明寄主植物及伴生昆虫可能对其起源演化的影响，并探讨在双翅目昆虫中可能具一定普遍意义和参考价值的共性演化模式。其结果可为双翅目分类和实蝇科区系、实蝇总科系统发育和动物地理研究，以及双翅目眼柄的起源演化等提供新的科学依据。

The subtribe of Pelmatopina comprising Pelmatops and Pseudopelmatops, belongs to Adramini (Diptera: Tephritidae) and mainly restricted to the Oriental tropics and subtropics; most species are known to occur in southern China. It is separated from other tephritids easily by the unusual morphological character of eyes borne at the ends of stalks. This project will carry out expeditons of Pelmatopina in south of China and its adjacent countries. New recorded species, new male or female and new distribution will be found and reported. New host plant and biology information will be provided. The phylogenetic relationships on genera level of Pelmatopina and Adramina will be re-constructed based on morphology and molecular data. Except that, the origin and evolution of Pelmatopina under more broader backgroud (the stalk-eyed flies of Diptera), is also stuided based on morphology and molecular data. Finally, geography distribution pattern, natural evolve history and origin of Pelmatopina is deduced and discussed tentatively based on all evidences from morphology, biology, molecular, host-plant, geography and paleontology. The research results could not only provide comprehensive and new knowledge for future taxonomic study in Diptera and Tephritoidea worldwide, but also could beneficial to the study of phylogeny and zoogeography of Tephritidae on high-taxa level. It will accumulate convinced evidences on the origin of long eye stalk that held by Pelmatopina from morphology, morphology-functions and historical biogeography view, and also will possibly provide new evidence on the earth continental drift or the sea land change history from Tephritidae insight.