中间偃麦草是小麦重要的野生近缘植物之一。以往研究中，人们多重视向小麦转移中间偃麦草的优异抗病虫和抗逆特性，关于其对小麦产量相关性状影响的研究较少。课题组前期选育出生长繁茂、大穗多粒的小偃麦种质系山农304，原位杂交和分子标记分析证明其为小麦-中间偃麦草渐渗系，且多个染色体位点结构均发生变化。本研究拟以山农304及其后代RIL群体为材料，结合标记数据与多年多点表型鉴定结果，分析其产量相关性状QTL位点与中间偃麦草渗入区段的关系，筛选对小麦产量构成性状具有正效应的中间偃麦草染色体区段/位点，明确其遗传效应、作用性质；继续培育综合性状较好，产量构成性状突出的小偃麦新种质。研究结果对于促进中间偃麦草在小麦遗传改良中的应用具有重要的理论价值和实践意义。

Thinopyrum intermedium possessed many important traits such as disease resistance, durable to abiotic stress, longer spike and more kernels, thus make its valuable gene resources for wheat improvement. Researchers always concentrate on the transfer of genes with resistance to disease and pests, and abiotic stress in T. intermedium to common wheat, rather than the yield related traits. An introgression line, named Shannong304, was developed from cross between wheat cultivar Yannong15 and T. intermedium, and showed valuable characters such as higher biomass, bigger spikes and more kernels per spikes than its wheat parent Yannong15. A recombinant inbred lines (RILs) population was generated by crossing Shannong304 and Yannong15. Genetic compositions and yield related traits of the RILs population were examined in order to identify quantitative trait loci (QTL) with significant contributions to yield or yield related traits under both normal water and osmotic stress conditions. The relationship between these QTLs and introgressed chromosome segments of Th. intermedium were studied, thus to identify those chromosome segments that possessed positive effect to yield related traits such as the spikelets and kernels numbers per spike. Another goal of the study is to develop molecular marker linked with these chromosome segments of Th. intermedium, thus help to identify elite Trititrigia germplasms. The results would provide useful information for understanding Th. intermedium values in wheat improvement.