本课题依托正在开展的自然科学基金项目“塔克拉玛干沙漠药用微生物资源勘探及抗耐药菌新分子的发现”，基金研究进展良好，已获三个重要进展包括：1）以和田霉素系列化合物为代表的非核糖体肽类抗生素的发现；2)沙漠来源稀有放线菌及其新物种的发现；3）新抗生素发现的策略。非核糖体肽类抗生素中最著名的化合物是抗超级耐药菌最后一道防线，多粘菌素。而苏联短杆菌肽 gramicidin S是由俄罗斯微生物学家，俄罗斯科学院院士Gieorgij Francewicz Gause等研发的用于感染治疗的，最早的非核糖体肽类药物，用他名字命名和由他领导的俄罗斯高斯新抗生素研究所是俄罗斯新抗生素研发的国家级研究机构。在本基金的资助下，通过学术讲座，学者交流，参观访问及可能的特境勘探及联合研究等形式，与世界上著名的新抗生素专业研究所开展国际交流与合作，无疑将促进与俄罗斯同行的了解，加深彼此间友谊，提高对俄罗斯抗生素研发水平的认识，拓宽我国抗生素研究者的视野，进而扩大以上三方面的研究成果，实现国家自然科学基金委员会-俄罗斯基础研究基金会项目的目标，使本项目成为在新抗生素发现领域，优势互补，互利共赢，共享机遇的平台。

The NSFC-RFBR (National Natural Science Foundation of China- Russian Foundation for Basic Research ) project “Novel Non-Ribosomal Peptides Group Antibiotics: Structure and Bioactivity” is affiliated to NSFC project “Pharmaceutical Microorganism Prospecting from Taklimakan Desert and Discovery of New Molecules against Drug-resistant bacteria” funded by NSFC grant number 81373308. The progress recently achieved in the NSFC project focused on three parts: 1) The discovery of novel non-ribosomal peptides group antibiotics, such as Hetiamacins; 2) The discovery of rare and new species affiliated to actinomycetes; 3) new strategies for antibiotic discovery. One of the most famous compounds in the non-ribosomal peptides group antibiotics is colistin, the last line of defense for the drug-resistant superbugs. Another famous non-ribosomal peptide, widely used in clinic is gramicidin S (Soviet), one of the earliest antibiotics, discovered and developed by Russian microbiologist and academician, Gieorgij Francewicz Gause (G.F.Gause). G.F.Gause Institute of New Antibiotics，named after G.F.Gause and organized by prof. G.F.Gause，was a key national institute for the discovery and development of antibiotics in Russia. Funded by NSFC-RFBR grant, international cooperation and exchange between researchers from Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, initially named the Institute of Antibiotics, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and researchers from G.F. Gause Institute of New Antibiotics, will help researchers to know each other better, deepen mutual understanding and friendship, meanwhile, will broaden horizons of researcher about how to discovery of new antibiotics by different activities such as a series of academic lectures and presentation, mutual visit to Institute and the related university and explore the special environments for prospecting microorganism or possible joint research etc. The final aim of the NSFC-RFBR project is to expend achievements in three parts mentioned above and make the project become platform of mutually beneficial win-win cooperation through complementarities and sharing opportunities through collaboration in the discovery of new antibiotics.