钩丝孢属（Harposporium Lohde）真菌是线虫内寄生真菌的重要类群，也是研究生物多样性不可多得的材料。但在国内仅报道了4种，其物种资源有待发掘。该属真菌分生孢子的形态多样性和易变性，使其部分种类的分类地位很难确定，且随着一种真菌一个名称的实施，这类真菌的系统分类及命名问题也急需解决。本项目拟在现有钩丝孢属菌种资源的基础上，从不同地区的森林土、农田土、动物粪便、腐木和腐叶样本中，系统调查我国钩丝孢属真菌资源，并广泛索取国内外该类群标本和菌种，通过形态学、多基因系统发育分析以及GenBank相关数据，建立该类群的系统分类地位，同时采用物种丰富度指数、群落相似性指数分析这类真菌的物种多样性和群落差异。项目研究结果将会丰富我国食线虫真菌资源，也为今后一种真菌一个名称的全型性分类系统和钩丝孢属真菌的生物利用奠定基础。

Harposporium, an important group of endoparasitic nematophagous fungi, is of great value in investigating biodiversity. However, only four species of Harposporium have been reported in China, there may be many undescribed species in China. And their conidia are morphologically diverse and changeable, which makes it difficult for us to accurately identify Harposporium with traditional classifying methods. With the implementation of one fungus one name, it is urgent to solve the problem of classification and naming. Based on the Harposporium resources available, our project will 1) carry out systematic investigation of Harposporium resources in different media such as forest soil, farmland soil, animal dung, decayed woods and decayed foliage in different areas in China, 2) build the taxonomic position of Harposporium in accordance with the morphological features of Harposporium, multi-gene analysis and the related data in GenBank through studying samples and strains obtained abroad and at home, and 3) analyze the biodiversity of these fungi and their community differences with species richness index and community similarity index. Our research results will enrich nematophagous resources and lay a solid foundation for building a complete type of one fungus one name classification system as well as for the bio-utilization of Harposporium.