中文摘要
本项目在千岛湖片段化景观中陆桥岛屿和周边大陆上,通过巴氏陷阱法收集地栖甲虫,采用微卫星技术研究1种甲虫在岛屿和大陆上遗传多样性与空间距离的关系的差异,以及不同岛屿上的甲虫遗传多样性与岛屿面积和隔离度等景观参数/岛屿空间特征的关系,从而分析生境片段化对地栖甲虫遗传多样性的影响,探讨片段化生境中甲虫遗传多样性的维持机制。项目的实施将丰富生境片段化对生物多样性影响的理论,并为片段化生境中生物多样性保护对策的制定提供科学依据。
英文摘要
In this project, we plan to study the genetics diversity of ground-dewelling beetle species on land-dridge islands and surrounding mainland in the Thousand Island lake in East China. We collect the beetles by pitfall traps, and select one species for genetics measurement by simple sequence repeat (SSR). We then analyze the differences of the relationships of beetles' genetics diversity and spatial distance between islands and mainland, and the genetics diversity on different islands and its relationships with landscape pattern / island spatial attributes such as island area and isolation etc., to illuminate the influence of habitat fragmentation on ground-dewelling beetles' genetics diversity. This project will not only add avaluable understandings to the mechanisms of arthropod diversity maintenance in fragmanted landscapes, but also provide scientific grounds to biodiversity conservation in fragmented habitats.
结题摘要
本项目在千岛湖片段化景观中20个陆桥岛屿和周边30个大陆样点采用巴氏陷阱法收集地栖甲虫,分析千岛湖地栖甲虫类群多样性特点,选取国家二级重点保护野生动物硕步甲(Carabus davidis)和网梨须步甲(Synuchus nitidus reticulates)进行遗传多样性分析,采用微卫星技术研究其在岛屿和大陆上遗传多样性与空间距离的关系的差异,以及不同岛屿上的遗传多样性与岛屿面积和隔离度等景观参数/岛屿空间特征的关系。主要结果:(1)类群(科)多样性:大岛内的地栖甲虫平均密度显著高于大陆地区、小岛和中岛;大陆和岛屿地栖甲虫的类群组成有显著差异;大陆地区地栖甲虫的类群组成变化较大,而岛屿上分布的地栖甲虫的类群组成则变化较小。(2)采用跨种扩增筛选出硕步甲的4个微卫星多态标记,5个岛屿上硕步甲种群进行出现了不同程度的遗传分化;对岛屿面积与种群遗传多样性的相关分析表明,面积越大,硕步甲遗传多样性越高。(3)网梨须步甲在各个样岛和大陆样地都有分布,且体型大小合适,易于DNA提取,是本项目理想的研究对象,现正在采用磁珠富集法筛选其微卫星多态标记,成功后进行后续工作。
