重大疾病（如癌症）的早期筛查与诊断是降低疾病死亡率的关键。为满足临床对低成本、高通量、高灵敏度的快速检测技术的迫切需求，本项目创新地将银染技术(<15 min)与汽凝法(<1 min)集成到生物芯片上，以实现快速检测。利用银染生成的微纳米银颗粒改变了检测点的亲水性和颜色，将生物特异性识别转化为汽凝信号输出，形成双级信号放大，可极大地提高灵敏度并节约检测时间。我们将实现对生物标志物如基因突变、miRNA、小分子、离子、蛋白，甚至细胞的快速高通量筛选。检测结果可通过裸眼识别，极大的降低了成本，满足资源匮乏地区需求。为了增加芯片检测的灵活性，满足不同检测环境的需求，我们将开发手机软件以及便携式汽凝仪，采集检测结果并定量分析。.本项目以实现快速、低成本、高通量的分子诊断为目标，开展基于汽凝法的生物芯片检测机制的革新研究以及配套的便携式仪器的研制。该课题具有较强的实际应用价值和广阔的市场前景。

Early diagnosis of major diseases (e.g. cancer) is key to reduce mortality. Biodiagnostic technology with low cost, high sensitivity, selectivity, high-throughput and fast detection remains an unmet need for clinical diagnosis, especially in less developed regions. In this project, we innovatively integrate silver staining (<15 min) and vapor condensation-based readout (<1 min) with bio-chips for realizing fast detection. The metallic materials produced by the silver staining can change the wettability and color of the detection points, and convert biological recognition to vapor condensation, forming two-stage amplification, which will greatly improve the detection sensitivity and save time. In addition, we will extend the bio-chips for detection of biomarkers (such as genetic mutations, miRNA, small molecules, ions, proteins, and even cells) involved in biomedical diagnosis. The detection results can be visualized by naked eye, which greatly reduces the cost and well meets the need for application in the resource-limited regions. To meet the need of various detection environment and increase the flexibility of the bio-chips, we will develop cell-phone software and portable vapor-condensation instrument, for obtaining images and analyzing quantitative data..The goal of this project is to develop bio-diagnostic technology with low cost, high sensitivity, selectivity, high-throughput and fast detection. We will explore innovative detection-mechanism of bio-chips based on vapor condensation, as well as develop corresponding portable instruments. This project possesses great value of practical application and broad markets.