PET/MRI多模态成像技术在重大疾病临床诊断中发挥着巨大的作用，同时也是脑科学和脑疾病研究的利器。近年来，狨猴由于其独特的生理特性和高度类人的复杂脑功能，被公认为脑科学研究理想模型。但是由于其脑尺寸较小，相应的脑功能成像对于科学仪器提出了特殊的要求。本项目的目标是研制一台用于狨猴脑研究的高清晰（1毫米位置分辨率）、高灵敏(10%中心效率)和磁兼容PET成像系统。其中探测器系统将采用基于硅光电倍增管（SiPM）阵列的创新的双端读出深度测量探测器，从而同时实现PET系统的全视野高清晰度和高灵敏度；将研发PET/MRI同时成像所需的PET电子学系统、MRI射频系统、磁屏蔽系统、基于MRI图像的PET图像重建和数据修正软件和PET/MRI图像配准和融合显示软件。本项目研制的高清晰度、高灵敏度和磁兼容的狨猴PET成像仪器将弥补现有小动物PET成像系统的不足，为脑科学和脑疾病研究提供崭新的工具。

Multimodality PET/MRI imaging plays a huge role in the diagnosis of major diseases. It is also a powerful tool in brain function and brain disease research. In recently years, marmoset is considered an ideal animal model in brain research due to its unique biological property and huge similarity to the complex brain function of human. The imaging of marmoset brain also brings special requirements for imaging tool due to its small brain size. The aim of this proposal is to develop a high spatial resolution (1 mm), high sensitivity (10% at center) and MRI compatible PET scanner for marmoset brain research. Innovative depth encoding detectors based on dual-ended readout with silicon photomultiplier (SiPM) will be used. The PET scanner can simultaneously achieve high spatial resolution at whole field-of-view and high sensitivity. We will also develop PET electronics, MRI RF coil, magnet shielding, PET reconstruction and data correction algorithms based on MRI image, and PET/MRI image co-registration and fused display software that are required for simultaneously PET/MRI imaging. The high spatial resolution, high sensitivity and MRI compatible PET scanner developed in this work will overcome the deficiency of current small animal PET scanners and provide a new powerful tool for brain function and brain disease research.