中文摘要
本研究将菌根真菌与植被恢复的作用机制这一科学问题与西部生态环境建设相结合,针对黄土高原气候干旱、水土流失严重和生态环境脆弱的现状,在陕甘宁旱区林木菌根研究的基础上,选择黄土高原干旱、贫瘠的特殊立地条件下水土保持、防风固沙的主要造林树种,采用BIOLOG检测法和DGGE技术研究了不同生态条件、不同树种和不同树龄林木菌根根际微生物群落多样性和生态分布规律,揭示出菌根促生细菌—荧光假单胞菌对外生菌根真菌促生作用机制,菌根促生放线菌—苯胺紫链霉菌协同外生菌根真菌拮抗植物病原菌的机制。首次发现腺苷可能是一种外生菌根真菌菌丝生长的诱导子。用分子生物学和细胞化学技术及生理生化方法研究了菌根真菌抗逆性生理生态特性,从结构与功能的关系上揭示出菌根真菌提高林木对干旱、盐碱、病害、重金属等抗逆性的作用机制;应用同位素示踪原理研究了菌根真菌在植物根系和土壤间能量与营的养转化与利用,揭示出菌根真菌在脆弱或退化生态系统植被恢复中的作用机制。研究成果丰富了脆弱森林生态系统植物、微生物共生体系的生态学意义,为菌根真菌在黄土高原干旱贫瘠区生物多样性恢复和生态系统重建的应用提供了科学依据。
英文摘要
In the present study, toward understanding the ecological role of mycorrhizal fungi in scientific community, we paid special attention to the crucial roles of mycorrhizal fungi in ecological rehabilitation of western China. Based on our previous studies focused on mycorrhizal fungi in Shaanxi, Gansu, and Ningxia, in order to improve the status of serious environmental issues such as drought, soil erosion and fragile ecosystem on the Loess Plateau, Northwestern China, the main tree species growing on drought and lower fertilizer conditions were employed for soil and water conservation and windbreak and fixation sand on the Loess Plateau. BIOLOG and nested PCR-DGGE methods were combined to investigate the community diversity and distribution of mycorrhizosphere microbe under different ecosystem, plant tree species and different forest age. Our findings revealed the mechanism of growth promotion ability of Pseudomonas fluorescens on ectomycorrhizal fungal species, and the mechanism of mycorrhizal promotion actinomycetes improve the resistance of plant pathogens is also explored. Meanwhile, our finding, for the first time, that adenosine may be a good candidate as a biological elicitor of mycelial growth for ectomycorrhizal fungi. We also used isotopic analysis to determine the effects of mycorrhizal fungi on energy
结题摘要
本研究将菌根真菌与植被恢复的作用机制这一科学问题与西部生态环境建设相结合,针对黄土高原气候干旱、水土流失严重和生态环境脆弱的现状,在陕甘宁旱区林木菌根研究的基础上,选择黄土高原干旱、贫瘠的特殊立地条件下水土保持、防风固沙的主要造林树种,采用BIOLOG检测法和DGGE技术研究了不同生态条件、不同树种和不同树龄林木菌根根际微生物群落多样性和生态分布规律,揭示出菌根促生细菌—荧光假单胞菌对外生菌根真菌促生作用机制,菌根促生放线菌—苯胺紫链霉菌协同外生菌根真菌拮抗植物病原菌的机制。首次发现腺苷可能是一种外生菌根真菌菌丝生长的诱导子。用分子生物学和细胞化学技术及生理生化方法研究了菌根真菌抗逆性生理生态特性,从结构与功能的关系上揭示出菌根真菌提高林木对干旱、盐碱、病害、重金属等抗逆性的作用机制;应用同位素示踪原理研究了菌根真菌在植物根系和土壤间能量与营的养转化与利用,揭示出菌根真菌在脆弱或退化生态系统植被恢复中的作用机制。研究成果丰富了脆弱森林生态系统植物、微生物共生体系的生态学意义,为菌根真菌在黄土高原干旱贫瘠区生物多样性恢复和生态系统重建的应用提供了科学依据。
