生境片断化是造成地球上生物多样性丧失或下降的主要原因，有关物种对生境片断化的遗传响应和适应机制也因此成为保育遗传学研究的学科前沿和热点。毛花猕猴桃是典型的由于森林片断化导致资源储量急剧下降的重要栽培植物的野生近缘种，具有片断化程度不同的生境，因此是研究生境片断化遗传学效应的良好材料。本研究以林下藤本植物毛花猕猴桃为研究对象，在充分了解其分布现状的基础上，采用微卫星分子标记以及父系分析方法，在居群水平上比较分析毛花猕猴桃片断化程度不同的居群的遗传多样性水平、花粉为媒介的基因流动态，阐明生境片断化对毛花猕猴桃遗传多样性和基因流的影响；同时，采用群体基因组和表观基因组的方法，发掘与地方适应性相关的异常位点，并结合生殖适合度的调查揭示毛花猕猴桃对生境片断化的适应机制。研究结果对于理解植物对生境片断化的遗传响应与适应的分子机制具有重要意义，也为经济植物野生近缘种的保护和可持续利用提供科学依据。

The earth's biodiversity loss or degradation is mainly caused by habitat fragmentation. Thus, studies on genetic responses and adaptation mechanism for habitat fragmentation have become the research frontier and hot topics of conservation genetics. As a wild relative species of kiwifruit, Actinidia eriantha Benth. is typically suffered a sharp drop in the wild resource reserves due to forest fragmentation. Hence, it is a good material to study the genetic effects of habitat fragmentation as A.eriantha has some habitats with different degree of habitat fragmentation. In this project, based on a full understanding of the distribution status of A.eriantha, we use the understory woody vine A.eriantha as a model case to reveal the effects of habitat fragmentation on genetic diversity and gene flow by comparing the genetic diversity level and pollen-mediated gene flow dynamic of the habitats with different degree of fragmentation using microsatellite markers and paternal analysis. At the same time, we also reveal the adaptation mechanisms of habitat fragmentation for A.eriantha by detecting the outlier loci involved in local adaptation using population genome and epigenome methods combined with the reproductive fitness investigation. The results are not only critically important for understanding genetic responses and adaption mechanisms for habitat fragmentation, but provide a scientific basis for the kiwifruit’s conservation and sustainable utilization of germplasm resources.