土壤耕层质量差严重限制了玉米根系的生长和产量形成。土壤耕作和秸秆还田作为农业生产中两项土壤耕层调控的重要技术措施，是改善土壤耕层质量、培肥地力、促进作物生产持续增加的重要途径。但目前关于土壤耕层调控对玉米根系影响的研究较少，而关于土壤耕层调控对原位土壤结构、以及对玉米根际土壤生物性状的影响更是鲜有研究，且没有系统深入研究玉米根系对土壤耕层调控响应的生态机制。本项目以长达六年的土壤耕作定位试验为基础，主要研究不同耕作方式（旋耕、深耕、深松）和秸秆还田（秸秆还田、秸秆不还田）下玉米根系三维生长模型和生理功能，探讨耕层调控对原位土壤结构、土壤肥力和土壤生物性状的改良效应，分析玉米根系对土壤耕层调控响应的生态机制，为研发缓解玉米田土壤紧实的调控技术、进一步提升玉米增产潜力提供理论依据。

The root growth and yield of maize are restricted severely by the poor soil quality. As two important technological measures in agriculture production, soil tillage and straw returning are vital ways to improve soil quality, increase fertility and crop production. However, few studies focus on the effects of topsoil regulation on maize root, the same with the effects of soil regulation on the undisturbed soil texture and soil biological characters. Moreover, the ecological mechanisms of responses of maize root to topsoil regulation are also needed to be studied. The study has based on six-year fixed-site soil tillage. This research intend to study the effects of different soil tillage (rotary tillage, deep mouldboard ploughing and chisel ploughing) and straw returning (crop residue retained and crop residue removed) on maize three-dimensional root growth and physiological function, analyze the effects of soil regulation on undisturbed soil texture, soil fertility, soil biological characters, and then explain the ecological mechanism how maize root responds to the soil regulation. The results will provide a theoretical guide for technology establishment to improve the compacted soil and yield-increasing of maize.