在植物进化过程中，多倍化物种形成机制越来越受到广泛关注。但地黄属的四倍体物种形成机制及栽培地黄的起源仍不清楚。本研究拟通过叶绿体基因组和转录组测序，筛选高变异的多个基因片段（来源于叶绿体基因组和核基因组）和微卫星分子标记联合，对地黄属（包括所有种类和栽培地黄的品种）进行高密度的群体取样，开展叶绿体基因组学、分子系统学、谱系地理学和群体遗传学研究。构建地黄属内的物种间系统发育关系，栽培地黄与地黄属其他物种间系统关系，分析野生地黄和栽培地黄的群体遗传多样性及遗传结构，全面揭示地黄属的四倍体物种形成机制，栽培地黄品种形成及中药地黄的栽培起源（包括驯化历史，起源地及起源方式）。本项目的完成不仅解决地黄属内四倍体物种形成问题，揭示栽培地黄道地性的遗传基础来源，而且为地黄属植物种质资源保护、及栽培地黄优良品种的选育提供重要的理论基础。

Polyploidization, a major mechanism of speciation in plants, is more and more concerned. However, it is still remained unexplored for the speciation of tetraploid species in Rehmannia and origin of cultivated Rehmannia glutinosa. Based on data of chloroplast genomes and transcriptomes generated by next generation sequencing, we screen out multi fast-evolving gene regions and data of SSR from two genomes(chloroplast and nucleus); and carry out studies on phylogenomics, moculear systematics, phylogeography and population genetics of Rehmannia and cultivated varieties of R. glutinosa, based on the selected data. We will reconstruct the phylogenetic relationships of all species within Rehmannia, including cultivated varieties of R. glutinosa and other species of Rehmannia, detect the genetic diversity and population genetic structure in wild and cultivated variety of R. glutinosa, and then unravel mechanism of tetraploid speciation in Rehmannia and the origin and domestication history of cultivated R.glutinosa. The present study will not only reveal tetraploid speciation in Rehmannia, the genetic basis of cultivated R. glutinosa, but also provide the important foundation for protecting the germplasm resources of Rehmannia and breeding high-quality varieties of cultivated R. glutinosa.