虐待性脑外伤（ITBI）是婴幼儿伤害死亡的首要原因，婴儿哭泣是其最主要的诱因。国外研究表明对看护者进行婴儿哭泣和摇晃危害教育可预防和减少ITBI的发生，我国尚无ITBI的预防干预研究。课题组前期首次报道了我国ITBI病例具有与婴儿正常哭泣相似的年龄特异性发病特征曲线，提示婴儿哭泣是我国ITBI的重要诱因。基于此，本研究拟开发我国“婴儿哭泣的时期”教育资料，采用健康教育传播材料的标准制作流程，通过需求分析、制定计划、完成初稿、预试验，最终设计制作形成教育干预资料；随后采用随机对照试验评价婴儿哭泣教育资料的干预效果，随机抽取部分新生儿父母进行“婴儿哭泣的时期”教育，对照组父母进行婴儿伤害教育，通过两组父母的婴儿哭泣和摇晃知识水平的差异和对哭泣的行为差异来评价婴儿哭泣教育资料在增加ITBI预防相关知识、改善行为从而降低摇晃所致ITBI风险的效果，为我国ITBI的预防、减少ITBI的发生奠定基础。

Inflicted traumatic brain injury (ITBI) is the leading cause of death in infants and young children, and baby crying is the most common stimulus for shaking and ITBI. Studies from west countries showed that educating caregivers about the properties of infant crying and the dangers of shaking can prevent and reduce the occurrence of ITBI, but there is no ITBI intervention study in China. We first reported the characteristics of ITBI in China that the age-specific incidence curve of hospitalized ITBI cases has a similar onset and shape to the normal crying curve, providing an indirect convergent evidence of crying as a stimulus for ITBI. In this study, we intend to develop an educational material “the period of baby crying” based on the standard process of making health education communication materials through the needs analysis, planning, completing the first draft, pilot test and professional designing. We then conduct a randomized controlled trial of material to prevent ITBI in hospital. Parents will be randomly assigned to receive the period of baby crying material or the control infant injury prevention material. We compare the differences between intervention and control subjects about knowledge of crying and shaking, and behavioral responses to crying. We aim to assess the effects of providing parents with “the period of baby crying” materials on improving their knowledge and behavior related to the prevention of ITBI based on the differences between the two groups. Findings of our study will provide foundation for prevention, and reducing the occurrence of ITBI in China.