中文摘要
唐氏综合征(DS)是临床上最常见的严重出生缺陷之一,神经系统发育异常是最主要的临床表现,而其分子机制仍不清楚。我们前期研究发现DS大脑海马区miRNA与对照组间存在差异,使靶基因的mRNA水平表现出差异。分析上述差异时,发现存在对miRNA有潜在调控作用的环状RNA(circRNA)。本项目拟采用circRNA芯片检测DS组和对照组大脑海马区的表达差异;结合前期发现的DS组差异表达的miRNA及其靶mRNA,初步构建DS胎儿大脑海马区异常表达的21号染色体circRNA(CHR21-circRNA)、与之相互作用的miRNA及其靶基因的调控网络。探讨CHR21-circRNA在DS胎儿大脑发育中的分子作用,最终为DS发病机制的研究及临床干预治疗提供理论依据,也为研究其它染色体病的发病机制提供新的思路。
英文摘要
Down syndrome (DS) is one of the most common and severe birth defects in clinical practice. Mental retardation caused by the abnormal nervous development is the most notable feature in DS patients. However, the molecular mechanisms of this abnormality is still not well understood. In our previous study, differential expressions of miRNA between DS patients and controls were found in the brain hippocampus, which causes the variation of mRNA level of the target genes. As molecular sponge, some circular RNAs (circRNA) with potential regulatory effects were found on chromosome 21 when analyzing the differences of CHR21-miRNA. Based on this, human microarray is performed to invetigate the expression profile variation of circRNA in brain hippocampus between DS patients and controls. Regulatory networks will be structured among the abnormally expressed CHR21-circRNA, interactive miRNA and its target genes, so as to preliminarily investigate the role of circRNA played in DS neuronal development. The molecular mechanism of circRNA on the development of DS brain will finally provide theory bases for clinical intervention and the research on pathogenesis of DS, and offer new insights into the study of pathogenesis of other chromosomal diseases.
结题摘要
研究背景:唐氏综合征(Down syndrome,DS),又名21-三体综合征,是由染色体数目异常而导致的疾病。DS以智力低下为主要表现,其他异常还包括特殊面容、免疫缺陷、心脏畸形、以及提早出现类似阿尔茨海默病的神经病变等。关于DS发病机制研究取得了巨大进展,但是DS患儿智力异常的发病机制仍不明确。 环状RNA(circRNA)是区别于传统 mRNA 的一类有调节功能的非编码RNA,其最为突出的功能是具有miRNA分子海绵作用或者作为竞争性内源性RNA(competing endogenous RNA,ceRNA),通过调控 miRNA 靶标而发挥作用。后续研究发现circRNA影响大脑发育且与神经系统疾病相关。其中CDR1as含有约 70 个miR-7 的应答元件,能作为miRNA海绵大量结合靶向miR-7,从而抑制miR-7的活性。 目前DS患者神经系统发育异常的分子机制以及circRNA在DS胎儿大脑发育中的分子作用仍不明确。我们提出DS患者大脑发育异常是受到circRNA异常表达的影响这一科学假说。研究内容:本研究通过比较DS胎儿和正常胎儿大脑海马区circRNA的差异表达,筛选出与神经系统发育密切相关的circRNA;通过全基因组miRNA芯片及表达谱芯片分析DS胎儿和正常胎儿大脑海马区差异表达谱。通过生物信息学方法分析与DS胎儿差异表达circRNA结合的miRNA及靶基因。结合靶基因功能与circRNA差异表达,构建在DS胎儿大脑海马区circRNA异常表达及其作用于神经系统发育的调控网络。研究结果:本实验对15个样本(对照组6个,实验组9个)进行了circRNA 芯片的检测。全基因组覆盖circRNA共175807个。当两组样本中circRNA表达差异倍数≥2,且P≤0.05时,定义为差异表达。共检出符合条件circRNA 11445个,其中4885个表达上调,6560个表达下调。21号染色体来源circRNA共1932个,其中有176个表达上调,7个表达下调。生物信息学方法预测出circRNA-miRNA-靶mRNA若干对。科学意义:为circRNA调节靶miRNA并影响靶基因这一调控模式在DS患儿智力障碍中的病理机制研究提供依据,并为其靶向治疗提供指导。
