动物适应性进化研究最初主要针对种属间的差异，而近年研究尺度逐渐缩小到同一种群的不同个体间差异。因而动物个性成为行为学领域最为活跃的研究方向之一，而且在许多问题上仍存在争议，尤其是有关性选择压力的作用。性选择被认为是生物的形态、行为、婚配制度、生活史甚至是社群关系进化的重要动力之一，从而对物种形成以及灭绝都有着重要的影响。本项目拟根据国际行为生态学关于动物个性的相关理论，通过结合模型分析和野外实验的研究方法，探讨性选择在动物个性进化过程中的重要作用。具体我们拟针对动物个性与性选择方向和两性冲突之间的反馈机制进行理论研究，同时我们将利用在甘肃省莲花山自然保护区已有的研究基础和生态定位站优势，以当地黑冠山雀（Parus rubidiventris）野生繁殖种群为研究对象，从性选择和动物个性两方面出发，探讨配偶选择以及亲代投入与个性之间的潜在联系，并且我们还将验证模型分析的相关假定和结论的逻辑性。

Initially, adaptive arguments were restricted to explaining differences between genera and higher level taxa. More recently there have been calls to adopt a general set of expectations about adaptive individual differences within single populations. The animal personality has become one of the most active research areas in animal behavior. A number of key issues remain controversial, especially considering the effects of sexual selection. Sexual selection is considered as one of the important driving force in the evolution of biological morphology, behavior, mating system, life history, and even social relationships, which may have significant impacts on speciation and extinction. This project intends to explore the evolution and adaptation of animal personality while considering the sexual selection pressure through combining the modelling analysis and field observations. Specifically, we would like to explore the feedback mechanisms between the direction of sexual selection and animal personality, and between sexual conflict and animal personality theoretically.Furthermore, we will investigate the mate choice, parental care and animal personality of Rufous-vented Tit (Parus rubidiventris) in Lianhuashan Nature Reserve to verify the potential relationships between sexual selction and personality, and more, to test the logistic of our modelling assumptions and conclusions.