非编码小RNA在宿主免疫、病毒感染等过程中发挥重要的调控作用，然而，miRNA在宿主-病毒互作中的作用机理尚未充分阐明，对于同一条miRNA是否可同时调控病毒基因和宿主免疫相关基因的表达、某条miRNA是否可同时调控某个免疫反应多个基因的表达、miRNA的抗病毒作用、病毒/宿主miRNA调控的信号通路等科学问题，在包括对虾在内的动物免疫机制研究中，至今仍然是有待于进一步探索的重要内容。本项目拟在已有的工作基础上，开展miRNA在对虾-病毒互作中的作用机理研究，首先分析对虾Ago1复合体，再进一步研究对虾miRNA在病毒-宿主互作中的调控作用、病毒miRNA调控病毒-宿主互作的机制以及miRNA在对虾抗病毒中的作用。本项目的研究结果，不仅有利于阐明病毒及宿主miRNA在病毒-宿主互作中的作用机制，而且有利于利用对虾本身的miRNA调控对虾免疫，加强对虾抗病力，促进对虾养殖业的稳定、持续发展。

The non-coding small RNAs play important roles in immunity and virus infection. However, the roles of miRNA in the virus-host interactions remain to be addressed in animals, such as the simultaneous regulation of host and virus gene expressions by a miRNA, the simultaneous regulation of genes of an immune response, the antivirus effects of miRNAs and the signaling pathways mediated by miRNAs. Based on our previous studies, the roles of miRNAs in shrimp-virus interactions will be investigated in this study. In the present study, the Ago1 complex will be analyzed, followed by investigations on the regulations of virus-shrimp interactions by shrimp miRNAs, the roles of virus miRNAs in shrimp-virus interactions and the antivirus effects of miRNAs in shrimp. Our study will reveal the mechanisms of virus-shrimp interactions mediated by miRNAs and will be helpful to control the virus infection in shrimp with miRNAs.