红菇属Russula是伞菌类第二大属，在担子菌内具有重要的演化地位和经济价值。红菇属菌盖颜色等宏观形态特征多变，基于形态学建立的现行属下分类系统实用操作性较差，仅根据形态学特征进行准确鉴定极为困难。目前使用的红菇属分类系统并未得到分子系统学的有力支持。我国红菇属真菌多使用欧美名称命名，区系尚不清晰。本研究在申请人前期对我国红菇属的形态学和ITS研究基础上，拟通过红菇属多基因分子系统学研究，综合形态分类学和分子系统学研究结果，构建红菇属系统发育树，分析属下各类群间的亲缘关系，建立较为自然的属下分类系统，明确我国红菇属各区系成份比例和物种分布，最终筛选红菇属的DNA条形码序列，实现红菇属标本的快速准确鉴定。本研究在解决红菇属真菌的系统发育问题和正确认识该属在我国的分布方面具有学术意义，还可为我国红菇资源保护、合理开发和可持续利用提供科学依据和技术支持。

The genus Russula which has unique important evolutionary status and high economic value in Basidiomycetes is the second largest genus in the agaric. Because some of the macroscopic morphological characters of Russula such as pileus colour are multivariable, the phylogenetic systems of Russula which are built based on morphology are weak in operability, facing extreme difficulties in precise identification of Russula specimens. The current infrageneric taxonomy systems are not well supported by the molecular phylogenetic data. Most of the Chinese Russula specimens are under the taxon names which were described from Europe and North America. The flora of Chinese Russulas is still unclear. Based on previous morphology and ITS sequence results, this project plans to investigate the phylogeny of Russula from China through morphological and multi-locus molecular phylogeny work. Phylogenetic trees will be built to analyse the relationship among Russula taxa. A natural Russula phylogenetic infrageneric taxonomy system will be built. The composition of Chinese Russula flora and taxon distribution will be defined. The DNA barcoding sequences of Russula from China will be screened and determined. A quick and accurate specimen identification of Russula will be available. This project is of great scientific importance to give a clear view of the phylogeny and distribution of Russula from China. Scientific evidences and technical supports will be offered to the protection and sustainable utilization of Chinese Russula.