我国稻田土壤环境存在铵态氮短期过量与长期不足的现象，严重影响水稻生长发育。因此，如何提高水稻对环境铵态氮变化的适应能力和氮素利用率成为新形势下我国水稻生产的重要需求。本项目以喜铵作物水稻为研究对象，以如何提高水稻对土壤铵态氮变化的适应能力为研究主线，综合采用植物营养学、植物生理学、遗传学和分子生物学方法，以水稻OsAMTs, OsVTC1, OsAUX1, OsARG1, OsAMOS1等基因的功能研究为切入点，系统研究水稻根系应答低铵/高铵环境的生理形态响应特征和地上/地下部协调的生理变化过程，明确参与应答过程的“候选基因”，揭示土壤环境铵变化条件下水稻根系生理形态应答过程和地上/地下部协调过程的分子调控途径，探讨各调控途径之间的相互联系，为提高现有水稻品种氮素利用率和适应土壤环境铵变化的生物学潜力提供理论基础，并为水稻氮高效新品种选育和创新施肥模式探索提供新的发展思路和依据。

Amount of ammonium, which is the major nitrogen souces in rice field, is excessive in short-term while deficient in long-term. This seriously affected the growth and development of rice plants and had negative impact for food production. Enhancing the adaption ability of rice to the changing environment of ammonium and subsquencently increasing nitrogen use efficiency has been urgently required to meet production demands in our agricultural system. p. With the combination of plant nutritional, plant physiological, pharmacology, genetics, and molecular approaches, we aim to discover the underlying mechanism how rice plants adapted to the changing environment of ammonium. . The main objectives are to investigate systematically the physical and morphological characteristics of rice root in response to low/high ammonium, and the physiological process of aboveground/underground communiation by characterizing the s function of genes OsAMTs, OsVTC1, OsAUX1, OsARG1 and OsAMOS1. This allows to identify the key genes involved in this regulatory process, and generate a network of these molecular regulatory pathway. Our results will provide not only an important scientific knowledge to improve the current rice varieties to more efficiently adapt to the changing environment of ammonium for increasing nitrogen use efficiency, and also an valuable stratergy for breeding high-NUE (nitrogen use efficiency) varieties and developing novel fertilization technology.