小分子热激蛋白（sHsp）是一类与生物胁迫应答、发育调控等相关的蛋白，在昆虫生殖系统中大量特异性表达。灰飞虱是我国重要水稻害虫之一，对环境具有较好的适应性，其种群数量主要受繁殖力的限制。我们前期研究表明灰飞虱某些sHsp表达与性别有关。为进一步明确sHsp在生殖系统中特异性表达的生理意义，探索灰飞虱适应性进化机制，本项目拟从转录组数据库获取sHsp基因簇，分析其基因结构和进化地位，研究其组织和诱导表达特性，筛选出雌雄差异性组成型sHsp基因；然后采用RNAi等技术研究目标基因的功能；同时从转录组数据库获取繁殖相关基因序列，构建繁殖调控基因网络，研究差异表达性组成型sHsp对这些基因表达的调控；从而阐明sHsp在灰飞虱繁殖调控中的作用。完成本项目不仅有助于全面了解昆虫sHsp的生物学功能，阐明sHsp在昆虫适应性进化中的科学意义，还为发掘合理有效防治灰飞虱的新药剂或新方法提供理论基础。

Small heat shock protein (sHsp) is a stress response protein, participate in organism development regulation and largely express in insect reproduction organs. Laodelphax striatellus is one of the most important pests of rice in China, show a good adaptability to environment and its abundance is mainly affected by the fecundity. Our previous study had proved that some sHsps expressions were different between female and male in L. striatellus. To explore physiological role of sHsp in reproduction and clarify the adaptive evolution mechanism of L. striatellus, this project obtains the sHsp gene cluster from the transcriptome database, analyzes the genetic structure and phylogenetic tree, studies tissue and induced expression characteristics, screens out the constitutive sHsp gene with different expression pattern between male and female, then RNAi technology is used to explore the gene function. Meanwhile, Reproduction related genes are screened out by transcriptome data analysis, the gene network is constructed, and the influences of constitutive sHsp on these genes expression are studied. The above research is not only helpful to understand the role of sHsp in insect reproduction, then clarify adaptive evolution mechanism of L. striatellus, but also provide theoretical direction to create new reasonable and effective pesticides or methods for L. striatellus control.