中文摘要
悬铃木方翅网蝽Corythucha ciliata(Say)是我国新发现的一种危害悬铃木属植物的危险性有害生物,2006年首次在湖北武汉发现后已扩散至西南、华中和华东的大部分地区,给当地的林业生产、城市景观及百姓生活带来极大的负面影响。本项目拟通过定量释放技术,研究控制虫口密度下,悬铃木方翅网蝽若虫在单株寄主冠层枝叶的侵染过程和时间节律并阐明成虫在片状林的传播速度,构建出扩散模型;系统测定悬铃木方翅网蝽的的飞行能力、耐饥力等,为科学评价悬铃木方翅网蝽扩散的扩散潜力提供依据,同时为悬铃木方翅网蝽的防控工作提供新思路。
英文摘要
The sycamore lace bug, Corythucha ciliata (Say) was a new invasive insect species that feeds on sycamore trees (Platanus spp., especially Platanus occidentalis L.) in China. It had dispersed throughout the eastern China, mid-China and southwest since it was first found in Wuhan city, Hubei province. Great negative impacts were brought on the native forest production, urban landscape and civilian life. In this project, Under controlled conditions the infection process of the nymph in the canopy of the new infected plants and the propagation velocity of adults in patch forest by quantitative releasing techniques. The light capacity and the hunger tolerance were systemeticly measured, which could provide a basis for evaluating the diffusion potential and a new way for controlling C. ciliata.
结题摘要
悬铃木方翅网蝽Corythucha ciliata是近年传入我国的一种入侵性有害生物,是悬铃木科Platanaceae悬铃木属Platanus林木上的重要刺吸性害虫,给我国苗木繁育、城市园林景观和城市环卫带来极大负面影响。本项目通过昆虫行为学、昆虫生态学和气象学等多学科研究以及田间试验,探讨了悬铃木方翅网蝽在新入侵地小尺度的时空扩散规律及其环境影响因素,结果表明:悬铃木方翅网蝽在500~600头/枝虫口密度下,在单株寄主经一个世代可扩散至3.5个大枝、17.5个小枝,共计55个叶片。以每667m2栽植110株悬铃木来计,400余头的方翅网蝽经一个世代的传播可以将种群扩张至面积为1400 m2的林地。其若虫最长的爬行(扩散)距离为750 cm。2~5龄若虫的爬行(扩散)速度分别为0.008, 0.017, 0.020, and 0.038 m/min。21.85%的若虫可以实现对寄主的定位。成虫在距寄主27 m范围内可以实现对寄主的搜索、识别和定位。在26℃,相对湿度为70%条件下,完全饥饿的3~5龄若虫平均存活时间分别为13.99 h、15.92 h和24.43 h。在渐饥饿条件下分别为27.77 h、29.63 h 和33.60 h,最长可存活49h。该研究结果为科学制定该虫的防治策略和防治措施提供了理论和事实依据,意义重大。
