DGAT1基因是目前认识的最重要的乳脂形成侯选基因之一，但不同DGAT1基因型水牛乳脂形成的分子机制尚不清楚。在前期研究工作的基础上，本项目拟继续以德宏水牛为研究对象，以不同DGAT1基因型德宏水牛乳脂率和FA组成存在差异为切入点，利用高通量检测技术，分析不同DGAT1基因型德宏水牛乳腺组织基因表达谱，检测表达上调或下调的差异表达基因，并检测差异表达基因的mRNA和蛋白表达水平，关联分析差异表达基因的表达水平与乳中TG含量和FA组成的相关性，找出显著相关基因，确定关键基因；在此基础上，结合生物信息学工具，分析关键基因参与的代谢途径、调控网络及生物学功能。旨在阐明不同DGAT1基因型德宏水牛乳脂形成的分子机制，为DGAT1基因作为候选基因，辅助育种，提高乳脂含量及优化FA组成，改善牛奶品质提供理论指导和科学依据。

Diacylglycerol acyltransferase 1 (DGAT1) gene is one of the most important candidate genes that form milk fat known at present, but the molecular mechanisms of milk fat formation in Dehong buffalo with different DGAT1 genotypes still need further investigation. This project will use Dehong buffalo as the objects of study. Because of the difference of milk fat percentage and fatty acid (FA)composition in Dehong buffalo with DGAT1 genotypes, we will analyze the gene expression profile of buffalo mammary tissue with different DGAT1 genotypes by high-through experimental techniques and select the differential expression genes. The mRNA and protein expression levels of these selected genes will be confirmed and the correlation between the expression levels of differentially expressed genes and content of triacylglycerol (TG) and FA of buffalo milk will be analyzed. Furthermore, the metabolic pathway, regulatory networks, biological function of key genes will be explained using bioinformatics tools.The purpose is to elucidate the molecular mechanism for the formation of milk fat in Dehong buffalo with different DGAT1 genotypes. The results of this project will provide the theoretical guidance and scientifiv basis to increase milk fat and optimize FA composition in assistant breeding using DGAT1 as candidate gene.