发热伴血小板减少综合征(SFTS)是出现在我国的一种新型布尼亚病毒通引起的新发传染病。SFTS病情凶险，如不及时有效诊治，可能会危及患者性命。如何筛选出可能死亡的患者，给予其更加严密的关注和治疗；而对其他患者，减少不必要的观察和治疗，找到恰当准确的预测因子，是急需解决的问题。我们前期采用病例-对照研究设计，在募集到的430例SFTS病人和633例对照中研究了55个免疫炎症反应相关基因的SNPs与SFTS的相关性，初步鉴定出一些与SFTS死亡相关的易感SNPs和易感单体型。本项目拟对在前期病例-对照研究基础上，继续进行回顾性队列研究（2014-2015年募集到的病例）和前瞻性队列研究（项目执行期间的四年），探讨病原体因素以及遗传因素在SFTS患者死亡中的作用，同时研究这些因素是否会成为治疗的靶点和预测因子，为采取有效的预防措。

Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is an emerging infectious disease that is caused by a novel bunyavirus named SFTS virus (SFTSV). SFTS is a serious disease. Without timely and effective treatment, SFTS may endanger the lives of patients. How to filter out the SFTS patients may die, giving it a more rigorous attention and treatment; and other SFTS patients, reducing unnecessary observation and treatment, to find the appropriate and accurate predictor is an urgent problem. Our previous case-control study, which included 430 SFTS patients and 633 asymptomatic SFTSV-infected controls, have assessed whether the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the cytokine, chemokine and immunity related genes were associated with susceptibility to SFTS. We found some SNPs and haplotypes which may play a role in mediating the susceptibility to death of SFTS patients in Chinese population. Based on the pervious results, the current project is planned to carry out a retrospective cohort study (cases recruited in 2014-2015) and a prospective cohort studies (during the next four years), to explore the role of pathogen factors and genetic factors in the deaths of SFTS patient and examine whether these factors would be the target and predictors of future therapeutic interventions, and provide scientific basis and basic data for effective preventive measures of SFTS.