几乎所有人类的传染病都来源于动物，自2000 年起我国每年均出现新发突发传染病（如SARS、高致病性禽流感、新布尼亚病毒引起的出血热），而且均来源于野生动物。食虫目动物是小型哺乳动物中种类较为丰富的一类，是多种病毒的重要宿（如汉坦病毒、沙粒病毒）等。我们将与俄罗斯合作伙伴在中俄边境地区开展食虫类动物的种类、密度，地理分布的流行病学调查与研究，捕捉鼩鼱等小型哺乳动物，采集各种组织标本，采用免疫荧光、Pan-PCR，以及高通量测序等方法，发现鼩鼱等动物中的汉坦病毒的种类、地理分布，流行情况。扩增病毒S、M、L三个基因片段的全基因序列，通过ML等系统发生分析方法，研究这些病毒与宿主动物间的进化生态关系，两国汉坦病毒间的关系，以及汉坦病毒自身的进化规律，病毒进化变异对人可能致病性等，从而揭示食虫类动物汉坦病毒的遗传多样性，汉坦病毒在食虫动物间以及从食虫动物到人的跨种间传播的进化与生态学规律，了解两国边境地区由食虫类动物携带的汉坦病毒引起肾综合征出血热的风险，为两国边境地区未来传染病预警防控提供理论指导及其物质、技术储备。

Almost all human infectious diseases are of animal origin. Since 2000, (re)emerging infectious diseases (e.g., SARS, highly pathogenic avian influenza, and hemorrhagic fever caused by a novel bunyavirus) have occurred in humans each year in China. Notably, all of them were emerged from wild animal reservoirs. Insectivores is one of the relatively abundant species in small mammals, and are important reservoir hosts for a number of viral pathogens (e.g., hantavirus and arenavirus). Insectivores will be trapped to investigate their distribution, species richness and abundance in the bordering regions of Russia and China. All tissue samples will be collected from trapped insectivores. The indirect immunofluorescence assay, Pan-PCR and high-throughput sequencing methods will be used to find the species, distribution and prevalence of hantaviruses carried by the captured animals. Hantavirus genome sequences (the complete S, M and L segments) will be recovered from the positive samples. The maximum-likelihood method (ML) will be used to study the relationship between the reservoir hosts and hantaviruses, the association of hantaviruses discovered in Russia and China, the evolution of hantaviruses and their potential pathogenic. Genetic diversity, the role of ecology and geography in the evolution of insectivores-borne hantaviruses and cross-species transmission to human will be clarified. Moreover, the understanding the risk of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome caused by insectivores-borne hantaviruses will provide the forward-looking theory and strategy for the prevention and control of the diseases caused by the newly discovered viruses in future in China and Russia.

中方张永振研究员、覃新程副研究员、王文助理研究员应合作方-国家病毒学和生物技术研究中心的Yashina Liudmila Nikolaevna教授的邀请，于2017年11月11日-11月16日访问俄罗斯新西伯利亚。任务批件号：国卫国际出字(2017)第03-274号。俄方Yashina Liudmila Nikolaevna教授于2017年3月21日-25日访问北京。 通过面对面的讨论，双方不仅介绍了各自的最新研究成果，而且沟通了研究中获得的结果，下一步的研究思路和急需解决科学难题的策略。特别是通过对俄罗斯的考察和交流，使国际同行对我们在病原体的发现和研究方面的创新性得到了进一步的了解，扩大了我们的国际学术影响力，增加了我们对当地的野生动物种类及地理生态环境的认识和了解，促进了双方的合作与友谊，为下一步在更广泛的地理范围开展动物源性疾病的国际合作研究奠定了基础。