跨倍性杂交能够打破猕猴桃倍性差异导致的生殖隔离障碍，获得更高的遗传和性状多样性。本研究利用中华猕猴桃复合体中的21个不同倍性品种，设计9种二倍体（2x）、四倍体（4x）和六倍体（6x）相互杂交方式，分析获得猕猴桃跨倍性杂交的染色体倍性分离规律，阐明父母本的多倍体性质（同源/异源多倍体）并获得最易于创新多倍体种质的杂交方式。进一步，选取4个不同的跨倍性杂交组合，通过评估杂交子代的果肉颜色、果实大小、总糖和耐贮性等重要商品性状，阐明不同跨倍性杂交方式的重要商品性状的遗传规律。特别是，基于同源克隆和浅度重测序策略，对果肉颜色分离的2个群体开展果肉颜色相关的基因发掘和性状关联分析，获取控制猕猴桃果肉颜色关键基因和跨倍性杂交果肉颜色的遗传机理。本研究的完成无论对果树多倍体杂交育种理论创新和实践应用均具有重要意义。

The interploidy hybrids, which overcome the reproductive isolation barriers of different ploidy levels, could enhance the genetic and phenotypic diversity of the progenies. In this study, 9 different interploidy crosses including 21 cultivars with diploids (2x), tetraploids (4x) and hexaploids (6x) will be conducted, to analyze the types of parental polyploidy (auto- or allopolyploids) and regularity of ploidy segregation, as well as the combinations for producing the preeminent progenies. Furthermore, the fruit characters (fruit color, fruit size, total sugar content, storage life, etc) of 4 interploidy hybrids will be evaluated to obtain the inheritance of fruit characters of interploidy hybrids. Based on 2 populations showing segregation of fruit flesh color, homology-based cloning and whole genome re-sequence will be performed to find out the genes controlled the fruit flesh color and then gain the potential mechanism of differentiation of fruit flesh color. The study will be of great significance for theoretical innovation of polyploidy breeding and practical application of kiwifruit industry.