随着种植技术的发展，部分中药材引种栽培发展迅速，原有地域性栽培模式被打破，药材地域特征被弱化，现有产地鉴别技术存在区分度下降问题。内生真菌作为植物微生态的组成部分，既与环境微生物紧密关联又独具特性，其群落结构存在地域性差异。我们在前期研究中发现，较之传统的纯培养手段，宏基因技术能更全面、准确地反映各产地铁皮石斛内生真菌的群落结构特征并揭示其差异性分布规律。据此，我们提出基于内生真菌群落结构地域性差异的产地标签研究思路，利用宏基因数据比较不同产地铁皮石斛从种苗到采收加工各时期内生真菌群落结构的差异及其与环境微生物的关系，阐明群落结构构建过程和规律，分析地域性差异的形成机制，筛选具有显著、稳定的差异性分布菌株作为产地指示菌，利用其特征性核苷酸序列构建铁皮石斛产地分子标签，建立评判机制和方法并验证其可靠性、稳定性。产地分子标签的发展将为中药材原产地区分及道地性鉴别提供新的技术手段和方法。

With the development in planting technique, as well as the effects of big market and great circulation, introduction and transplantation of some Chinese traditional medicines are booming rapidly. This weakened the regional characteristics of medicinal materials from different cultivation areas and then leaded to the deficient of effectiveness in locality identification by present technology. As a natural part of plant microecology, endophytes are closely related to the ecological factors such as soil microbial, showing its regional characteristics in community structure. In the early study on Dendrobium officinale, we found that, compared to traditional means of endophytes single cultivation method, metagenomics can provide abundant species information, accurately reflect the community structures of the endophytic fungus in Dendrobium officinale from different cultivation areas, thus meet the requirement in distinguishing the real regional differences of endophytic fungus community structure. Therefore, we put forward the idea of the origin label of Dendrobium officinale based on the regional differences in community structure of endophytic fungus. Via comparing the difference in community structure of the endophytic fungus in Dendrobium officinale from different cultivation areas during the different phases, such as seedling breeding, soil cultivation, harvesting and processing, we hope to make clear the process and regularity in the construction of community structure, and elucidate the causes of difference in the community structure of endophytic fungus and the relationship with ecological factors such as the soil microbe and clarify the mechanism about the formation of regional characteristics. Select the endophytic fungus with stable and obvious regional characteristics as origin identification indicator, and construct the origin molecular label based on their characteristic gene sequences. Establish evaluation mechanism and method of the identification of cultivation area, and verify the reliability and stability of the origin molecular label. The development of origin molecular label will provide a new technology and method for the origin distinction and genuine identification of medicinal materials.