肝素是为数不多的糖类药物之一；是第一个生物大分子药物；是目前依然在临床上广泛应用的最古老的药物之一；也是自然界中最为复杂的一类功能性分子。如何在肝素类药物这个复杂体系下实现有效质量控制(即肝素和低分子量肝素有多少条糖链？每条糖链的比例、组成和序列是怎样的？)，同时确认主要抗凝糖链，即与ATIII结合的糖链，是我们首先要通过肝素类药物的糖组学研究解决的一系列问题。该工作将通过多维分析平台的建设、完善提升目前肝素、低分子量肝素的质量标准；同时为进一步明确肝素类药物中的活性组分，去除无效结构，提高肝素类药物的效价并展开相应的新药研发提供有力的技术支持。在此基础上如何进一步通过肝素类药物的糖组学研究明确其产生其它生物学活性的物质基础是我们要解决的另一个重大问题，如肝素在介导FGF-FGFR的过程中起到的作用和需要的不同结构。该工作将为肝素和低分子量肝素新适应症的拓展和实现以肝素类药物为基础的精准医疗提供新的线索。

Heparin is unique as one of the few carbohdyrate drugs, one of the first biopolymeric drugs, one of the oldest drugs currently still in widespread clinical use, and one of the most complicated moleclues in nature. Face to this important drug and complicated system, the first question needs to be answer is how to control heparin's quality properly, including how many sugar chains? what are the ratios of these sugar chains? how are they composed of? what are their sequences? which are specific sugar chains binding to ATIII? This work would focus on the development and improvement of the multi-dimensional analysis platform and improve the quality control of heparin and low molecular weight heparins(LMWHs); identify the specific sugar chains having anticoagulant activity by binding to ATIII; increase their biological potency; help simplify the compositions of heparin or LMWHs; and make new drugs with lower side-effects. Moreover, glycomics study of heparin could help us figure out the specific sugar chains having activities other than anticoagulant. For instance, different heparin sugar chains could regulate different FGF-FGFR pathways. In general, this work would improve the heparin's quality control and development of its new indications. This work is also a clue to link heparin to precision medicine.