神经源性粪失禁是临床难治性疾病，中、重症患者远期疗效不佳。中医电针疗法治疗神经源性粪失禁可通过神经电刺激起效，其确切效应途径及失效原因仍不清楚。我们认为电针疗法的可能效应机制是通过激活PI3-K/Akt信号通路达到保护和修复受损神经和肛门括约肌的目的。而其对不同神经回路影响的差异性和时效性是影响疗效的重要因素。本研究拟通过观察电针对神经源性粪失禁新西兰兔受损神经及肛门括约肌组织内PI3-K/Akt表达、细胞凋亡指数及Bax、Bcl-2蛋白的影响，结合肛门测压结果，对照电针对不同神经回路影响的差异性和时效性，深入探讨电针治疗粪失禁的作用机制，为中医电针疗法治疗粪失禁提供理论依据，并为突破治疗瓶颈提供线索。本研究是北京市自然基金项目（7162166）“基于NGF-TrkA通路探讨电针治疗神经源性粪失禁的机理及时效性研究”的后续研究。

The neuropathic fecal incontinence(FI) is a refractory disease with a poor long-term curative effects in medium and severe cases. Electrical acupuncture basing on traditional Chinese medicine likely acts through electrical neuromodulation. The potential mechanism includes inhibition of sensory and motor nerve in rectal wall, repairing of injured nerve, enhancement of the function of anal sphincter. It's still not clear about the exact ways of action and the reasons of failure. We believe that electrical acupuncture may repair injured nerve and anal sphincter and inhabit cell apoptosis by means of activating the PI3-K/Akt pathway that is in the downstream location of NGF-TrkA. The purpose of this study is to assess the effect and its timeliness on different nerves of electrical acupuncture on the expression of PI3-K/Akt, Apoptosis Index and Bax/Bcl-2, anal manometry changes in the injured nerve and anal sphincter in New Zealand rabbits with neuropathic FI, to explore the effective mechanism of electrical acupuncture therapy for neuropathic FI. We hope it can offer theoretical basis for treating neuropathic FI with electrical acupuncture and clues of breaking through the bottle-neck of curing. This study is subsequent to the study named Effective Mechanism and Timeliness of Electrical Acupuncture for Neural Injury Related Fecal incontinence via NGF-TrkA Pathway funded by Beijing Natural Science Foundation(7162166).