申请者为美国加州大学教授、国际著名的蚊媒研究学者、WHO全球健康重大挑战计划传染病组成员、JME副主编。近5年主持美国NIH等11项基金，在Science、PNAS、EID、JID等学术期刊发表论文70余篇，2010年被聘为南方医科大学特聘教授，2011年获选为广东省领军人才。合作者陈晓光教授是新世纪百千万工程国家级人才、珠江学者、广东省新发传染病防治重点实验室主任，近5年主持国内外课题10多项，获专利授权4项，发表SCI论文50多篇。申请者与合作者在蚊媒传染病防治领域已建立长期实质性合作，共同承担了多项课题并发表7篇SCI论文。..白纹伊蚊是登革热的传播媒介，其抗药性产生机制是亟待解决的科学问题。本项目拟在以前合作基础上，分析白纹伊蚊种群中的杀虫剂抗性水平，明确抗性产生的分子机制，并探讨基因流在抗性扩散中的作用。研究成果将为白纹伊蚊的抗性检测、杀虫剂的抗性管理和合理使用提供科学指南。

The applicant Guiyun Yan, professor in the University of California, Irvine, is a World-renowned expert in vector biology. Currently he is a panel member of Grand Challenge Program in Global Health and Infectious Diseases of the World Health Organization, a panel member of NIH Vector Biology study section and Associate Editor of Journal of Medical Entomology. In the recent 5 years, Professor Guiyun Yan has been the principal investigator of 13 research grants, including 11 NIH grants, with funding more than $13 million in total. Prof. Yan possesses an outstanding publication record, with 69 SCI papers published in distinguished journals such as Science, PNAS, EID and JID. Prof. Yan was appointed as a Distinguished Professor at the Southern Medical University in 2010, and was awarded the "Leading Talent award" by Guangdong Province in 2011. The collaborator Prof. Xiaoguang Chen was awarded the title of the“New Century Countless Talents Project”in China in 2006, “Distinguished Professor” and “Pearl River Scholar” by Guangdong Province in 2009. He is also the Chief of Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Disease Prevention and Control of Guangdong. In the past 5 years, Prof. Chen has been a principal investigator of more than 10 major research grants awarded by China NSF and NIH. He has obtained 4 patents, and published more than 50 SCI papers.Prof. Yan and Chen have developed an outstanding collaboration in the field of vector biology. Presently, they are co-directing 2 NIH projects, and have published 7 SCI collaborative papers. ..Aedes albopictus is the most important Dengue vector in China, and insecticide resistance mechanism is an urgent scientific issue. Based on previous outstanding collaboration, this project aims to determine resistance among Aedes albopictus populations, identify molecular mechanisms of insecticide resistance, and examine the role of gene flow in the spread of resistance. The results of this project will lay an important foundation for developing new tools in resistance detection and monitoring, resistance management and rational usage of insecticides.

白纹伊蚊，是世界上最具侵袭性的蚊种，也是登革、基孔肯雅以及其他病毒的主要媒介，但目前尚缺乏针对该物种所传播病毒的疫苗和药物，使得媒介控制成为了唯一现实可行的防控手段。媒介防控的主要手段是依赖杀虫剂的使用，但媒介防控和农业害虫防治过程中过度使用杀虫剂，造成了蚊虫种群的抗药性水平增强。杀虫剂抗性已成为当前媒介传播疾病防控过程中最大的阻碍。明确杀虫剂抗性机理，明晰抗性选择压力来源将为杀虫剂抗性监测以及设计研发切实可行的媒介防控方法奠定坚实基础。 本项目旨在研究白纹伊蚊种群中杀虫剂抗性的种群扩散和确定杀虫剂的抗性产生机制，前两年的主要内容：1）分析白纹伊蚊种群中的杀虫剂抗性；2）确定杀虫剂抗性水平与抗性选择压力来源的相关性； 3）利用RNA-seq技术研究拟除虫菊酯类杀虫剂抗药性的分子机制。 根据以上科学问题和研究目标，本项目对广东地区野外采集的白纹伊蚊的杀虫剂抗性现状、筛选压力以及抗性产生机制进行了系统深入研究，已取得的研究结果表明：广东地区野外采集的白纹伊蚊已对常用的杀虫剂如DDT、溴氰菊酯等产生了广泛抗性，抗性产生机制主要与钠通道蛋白基因位点突变有关，特别是F534S的氨基酸突变相关。此结论对于蚊媒控制中杀虫剂使用策略的制定具有重要意义，所得数据将为白纹伊蚊的抗性检测工具发展奠定坚实基础，同时通过杀虫剂合理使用为杀虫剂抗性管理提供指导。 目前本项目已标注国家自然科学基金资助发表论文5篇，参与培养研究生5名，部分结果已被广东省疾病预防控制中心用于指导杀虫剂的选择和使用。