针灸—免疫是从免疫调控机制上认识针灸调整作用的规律。艾灸借助热力和药物作用调节经络脏腑功能，促进机体阴阳平衡，在增强机体特异性和非特异性免疫功能、提高机体免疫力方面非常重要。本研究在课题组前期研究充分证实艾灸及隔药饼灸对机体免疫功能良性调整作用的基础上，为系统阐释艾灸调控作用机理，以艾灸、隔药饼灸对免疫抑制大鼠共刺激分子PD-1的影响为切入点，重点研究经艾灸干预的免疫抑制动物T淋巴细胞激活后PD-1的表达，观察其在免疫细胞激活和免疫耐受过程中对免疫细胞功能负性调控作用的影响，及对PD-1/PD-L1信号通路免疫活化适度性和可控性的影响；在对两种不同艾灸方法作用效应进行优势比较的同时，研究其在PD-1调节B细胞耐受以及抑制性巨噬细胞的功能中的作用，观察在免疫应答调节中的程度和持续时间，探讨PD-1/PD-L1信号通路在调节机体免疫功能处于自身稳态、维持外围正常免疫效应中发挥重要作用的机制。

Acup/mox- immune is a recognition from immune regulation mechanism to modulation of acupuncture and moxibustion. It is very important for moxibustion with heat and herbal medicine that regulate the function of the meridians and Zangfu, to promote Yin and Yang balance, to enhance specific and non-specific immune function, and to improve the body immunity. In this study, we are basis on confirming the positive adjustment of moxibustion and herbal cake-separated moxibustion on immune function at the early stage by our research group. The research would systematically expound regulation mechanism of moxibustion, and take immune suppression rat costimulatory molecule PD-1 as the breakthrough point through moxibustion and herbal cake-separated moxibustion. We would focus on the expression of PD-1 after activation of T lymphocytes of immune suppression rats by moxibustion intervention. Meanwhile we would observe the influence of PD-1 negative regulation during immune cell activation and immune tolerance. Then discuss effect of immune activation of adaptability and controllability on the PD-1 / PD-L1 signaling pathway. In comparing the advantages of two different moxibustion methods effect at the same time , we would study the effect of B cell tolerance and inhibition macrophage function through PD-1 regulating. We also observe the degree and duration in the regulation of the immune response. At last, we would explore the mechanism of PD-1/PD-L1 signaling pathway, which plays an important role in regulating the immune function in maintaining steady state and keeping normal immune effect in the periphery.