农田抗生素污染主要源于养殖废弃物农用且以复合抗生素污染为主，但现有研究主要集中于单一抗生素的单独作用，与实际有一定差距，且鲜少深入探讨微生物在响应抗生素污染时所呈现的特征。本项目基于生产实践，采用“单一及复合兽用抗生素喂养-猪粪收集-施肥”的方式，在长期定位试验的基础上，利用微宇宙土壤培养和蔬菜盆栽试验：研究粪便有机肥中抗生素在不同类型菜田土壤中的分布、迁移和转化；结合DNA-SIP、高通量测序、基因芯片等分子生态技术和MicroRESP、土壤酶测定等代谢分析手段明确粪便有机肥中抗生素，尤其是复合抗生素，对土壤微生物群落、养分转化和耐药性扩散的影响，着重探讨主要响应微生物种群分布特征、进化关系及生态功能；最后整合代谢功能、耐药性和微生物特征数据，勾勒典型兽用抗生素土壤环境效应的微生物机制。研究将从一个更加深入且微观的角度阐述有机肥中抗生素的土壤环境效应，有助于养殖源有机肥的安全合理施用。

Land use of manure wastes has been considered as a main source of antibiotic pollution in agricultural soils. Natural manure or manure products often contain more than two antibiotics. However, referred to previous experiments, only effects of individual antibiotic on soil microbial systems were studied under single action by the application of antibiotic reagents onto soils rather than the natural antibiotic contaminated manure, in most cases. Thus, there is still a certain gap between actual results of the course and the current expectations. In this project, individual antibiotic and multiple antibiotics contaminated manure were collected from pigs receiving veterinary antibiotics through feed and used for fertilization. Investigations would be carried out under three conditions such as the long-term fertilization field, the artificial soil microcosm and the pot culture condition. This project can be divided into following sections: (1) The distribution and fates of antibiotic will be determined in vegetable-soil systems using two different soils following manure application; (2) Effects of antibiotics, particularly multiple antibiotics, on soil microbial community structure and function, soil nutrients transformation and antibiotic resistance expansion will be studied on the basis of DNA-SIP, High-throughput sequencing, DNA microarray, MicroRESPTM analysis as well as traditional soil enzyme activity determination. The microorganisms significantly affected by antibiotics will further be characterized to explore their distribution profile, phylogenetic information and ecological function in soil; (3) This work aims to elaborate the microbial mechanism of the environmental behavior of antibiotics in soil by building the relationship among soil metabolism, antibiotic resistance and soil microorganism. This research will provide new insights into a more deep understand of the ecological risk of the land use of manure with residual antibiotics. Meanwhile, the result would be reference for the safe use of manure based fertilizer.