强致癌和剧毒性的黄曲霉毒素是严重影响花生产业发展和威胁消费者健康的重要食品安全风险因子，全球气候变化加剧了花生收获前毒素污染的发生。由于迄今国内外开展花生荚壳对黄曲霉菌侵染抗性的研究极少，严重限制了荚壳抗性的育种利用和收获前毒素污染防控技术的提高。本合作项目以代表全球花生遗传多样性的中国、ICRISAT和美国微核心种质为材料，首次系统评价花生荚壳抗性及其遗传分化，发掘具有荚壳抗性的新种质；探讨荚壳抗性在组织结构、白藜芦醇含量及相关基因表达方面的差异与机理；用SNP和SSR技术检测花生核心种质和RIL群体，结合荚壳抗性表型鉴定数据，通过关联分析和连锁分析获得抗性相关的分子标记，并与已有的种子抗侵染和抗产毒标记比较，提出聚合荚壳抗性、种子侵染抗性、种子产毒抗性的分子标记辅助选择技术策略。本项目对于深化花生黄曲霉抗性遗传改良、促进毒素污染防控、保障食用安全性具有重要的理论意义和应用前景。

Contamination of the highly carcinogenic and toxic aflatoxin is a major food safety factor which can seriously impede groundnut industry development and affect consumers’ health. Preharvest aflatoxin contamination in groundnut is becoming more and more serious with the global warming. Because very limited research has been made to investigate the diversity of reaction of groundnut shell to Aspergillus infection, the progress in improving resistance to aflatoxin in groundnut has been slow. This joint project aims to systematically evaluate the shell resistance to Aspergillus infection in the cultivated groundnut by testing the representative mini cores from China, ICRISAT and USA and identify elite genotypes with shell resistance. The relationship between shell resistance with physical structure, phytoalexin (resveratrol) concentrations and transcriptomic profiles in different developing stages will be investigated. Molecular markers related to shell resistance in groundnut will be discovered through linkage analysis of RILs and association analysis of mini cores using SSR and SNP technique. These markers will be compared with markers link to resistance to seed infection and aflatoxin formation to identify germplasm lines with different loci. The expected results of this project will facilitate more efficient selection of breeding parents and promote aflatoxin resistance enhancement in groundnut through pyramiding shell resistance, seed infection resistance and toxin formation resistance, and will consequently contribute to improved food safety of groundnut products.