利用全基因组关联分析技术发掘作物产量、品质和抗逆基因，是基因发掘和分子标记研究领域的发展趋势。本项目拟利用小麦90K SNP芯片对7个重组自交系群体和800份国内外小麦品种进行全基因组分析，建立高密度的遗传图谱，精细定位小麦产量、品质、抗旱和产量生理性状基因150-200个，发掘其紧密连锁的SNP标记300-400个，为育种芯片的研制和高通量分子标记辅助选择体系的建立奠定基础。同时，开发并验证100个基因特异性SNP标记，利用本项目发掘的及文献发表的所有与产量、品质、抗病、抗逆等关联明确的SNP标记研制育种芯片，并进行验证；检测小麦品种800份及近等基因导入系400份，明确这些材料携带的基因及其育种价值。此外，根据与表型性状紧密连锁的SNP标记的序列信息搜索小麦基因组和EST数据库，发掘产量、品质和抗旱性候选基因，并对3-4个候选基因进行功能验证。为小麦分子育种提供重要的基因、种质和技术。

Genome-wide association study (GWAS) to identify crop genes and the subsequent use of molecular markers are increasingly important in gene mining and breeding. In the present study, seven recombinant inbred line (RIL) populations and 800 wheat varieties from CIMMYT and China will be exploited for new genes combining the wheat 90k iSelect assay with phenotypic values. The aims of this project are to establish high-density genetic linkage maps for the identification and fine mapping of 150-200 genes effective on yield, quality, drought tolerance and yield-related physiological traits, as well as 300-400 functional or closely linked SNP markers. SNP markers will be developed in monoplex and multiplex form to be used for marker-assisted breeding. Meanwhile, around 100 functional or gene-specific SNP markers will be developed and validated, and all the SNPs that are identified in this project or published in literatures, with clear association with yield, quality, disease resistance, abiotic tolerance and physiological traits, will be used to make a breeding chip for marker-assisted selection in wheat breeding programs. The muliplex chip will be used to test the 800 latest wheat varieties from CIMMYT and different wheat regions of China and 400 near-isogenic introgression lines to identify which genes are present in these materials. In addition, candidate genes for yield, quality and drought tolerance will be identified using corresponding DNA sequences of tightly linked SNP markers to BLAST the databases of wheat genome and EST sequences, and and a functional analysis of 3-4 candidate genes will be performed. These studies will provide an important new tool, genes and germplasms for wheat molecular breeding.