“白果有毒”见于历代本草及现代典籍。文献报道及本课题组研究表明白果的毒性物质涉及银杏酸类、吡哆醇类、致敏蛋白质及氰苷类等，但其构-毒关系、量-毒关系、代谢特征及致毒机理尚未系统阐明。据此提出“白果毒性是由化学结构类型不同、毒性特征各异的多元组（成）分形成的复合毒性，具有内在的构-量-毒关系及其毒性表征”的科学问题。拟开展工作：（1）基于不同类型模式生物与不同层次评价模型，揭示白果多元毒性物质的构-量-毒关系及其复合毒性表征；（2）基于体内外代谢过程揭示其多元毒性物质及其代谢产物的毒性特征和相互作用机制；（3）基于代谢组学技术阐明白果毒性物质导致的内源性代谢物谱变化和代谢通路异常，以揭示白果对机体产生的毒性标志物与致毒机理。以期为药食兼用白果临床合理用药或保健食用的安全性提供科学依据，为含有多元复合毒性物质中药毒性评价及致毒机理研究提供方法借鉴，为白果资源产业化过程解除其毒性提供有效支撑。

Ginkgo Semen is recorded as a toxic medicinal material in the ancient and modern classics of herbal medicine. The references and our previous works showed that the toxic substances in Ginkgo Semen relate to the ginkgo acids, pyridoxols, allergic proteins and cyanogenic glycosides, while their toxicity-structure relationship, dose-effect relationship, metabolic features and toxic mechanism are still not clear and definite. Hereby, we provide the hypothesis that the toxicity of Ginkgo Semen is originated from the combined toxic effects of multiple consitituents with various chemical-structures and toxicity characteristics and which have the internal connection with structure-dose-toxicity relationship. Following works will be carried out: (1) Based on the different model organism and evaluation model, the structure-dose-toxicity relationship and toxicity characteristics for combined toxicity of Ginkgo Semen will be described. (2) Based on the metabolic process in vivo and in vitro, the toxicity characteristics and interaction mechanism of multiple toxic substances and their metabolites will be revealed. (3) Based on metabonomics technology, the changes of endogenous metabolites and metabolic pathway abnormalities caused by the toxic substance in Ginkgo Semen will be discussed and the toxicity markers and toxicity mechanism will be clarified. These researches may provide the scientific basis for safety use of ginkgo in clinical and daily health care, and reference for the toxicity evaluation of the edible Chinese herbal contained multiple toxic consitituents with vaious toxicity. These researches could also be helpful for the industrialization of the ginkgo resource.