中文摘要
下腔静脉滤器是预防下肢深静脉血栓形成患者发生致死性肺栓塞的有效措施。但部分滤器置入后,会出现滤器倾斜或者断裂,甚至支脚穿通下腔静脉壁。对于滤器源性下腔静脉穿通的发生发展、预后,临床上尚缺乏统一认识,尚无统一的评价体系和监测的有效手段,尚未明确症状性下腔静脉穿孔的危险因素。随着CT等现代影像技术的发展,使得评估和分级滤器源性下腔静脉穿通成为可能,也为评估穿通分级和预后相关性提供了工具。本课题通过建立不同级别滤器源性下腔静脉穿通的动物模型,以CT作为穿通分级的主要评估方法,建立影像-临床相结合的CTPD分级系统,探讨CTPD分级与预后之间的相关性,并与病理结果相对照,为临床正确认识和处理滤器源性下腔静脉穿通提供理论依据.
英文摘要
Inferior vena cava filter (IVCF) appears to be effective in the prevention of fatal pulmonary embolism, a life-threatening complication of deep venous thrombosis. After implantation of IVCF, some filters may tilt or fracture, making some parts of the filters to be embedded into or perforated the IVC wall, a complication called IVCF-related perforation. There have no concensus on the origin, development and prognosis of IVCF-related perforation as well as on its evalation and monitoring system, but the potentiality has emerged due to evolution of dual source CT (DSCT) combined advanced post processing techniques. In the present study, we construct a pig model in whom IVCF-related perforation will be graded and evaluated. We also propose a classification system (CTPD)mainly based on CT findings to evaluate the relationship between grading and prognosis of IVCF-related perforation.
结题摘要
下腔静脉滤器是预防下肢深静脉血栓形成患者发生致死性肺栓塞的有效措施。但部分滤器置入后,会出现滤器倾斜或者断裂,甚至支脚穿通下腔静脉壁。对于滤器源性下腔静脉穿通的发生发展、预后,临床上尚缺乏统一认识,尚无统一的评价体系和监测的有效手段,尚未明确症状性下腔静脉穿孔的危险因素。随着CT等现代影像技术的发展,使得评估和分级滤器源性下腔静脉穿通成为可能,也为评估穿通分级和预后相关性提供了工具。本课题通过建立不同级别滤器源性下腔静脉穿通的动物模型,初步研究结果提示:1)在小型猪下腔静脉内置入滤器是可行的,并可观察到滤器穿通下腔静脉管壁现象;2)初步研究结果提示,下腔静脉滤器穿通的比率较高,但大部分(约80%)为无症状穿通;3)初步研究结果提示:下腔静脉内径与滤器规格之间不匹配,导致滤器径向支撑力过大,是发生滤器穿通下腔静脉管壁的重要机制;4)初步研究结果提示:滤器穿通下腔静脉管壁后,静脉内膜可出现增生改变,外膜可变薄,滤器穿通处可见纤维组织包裹;5)我们的研究结果有一定的科学意义,提示我们在临床应用滤器时,应考虑滤器与下腔静脉内径之间的匹配性;也提示滤器生产厂家,改变滤器规格单一的现状,实现滤器规格多样化、个体化,以减少滤器穿通下腔静脉管壁现象的发生。
