高技术企业集群"虚拟化"，是当今技术创新与竞争战略的主流趋势，具有必然性。本研究从技术标准合作的形式、参与主体以及管理与控制等方面对高技术企业虚拟集群的形成与演化机理进行理论和实证研究，具有重要的理论与实践意义，取得系列研究结论。首先，高技术企业虚拟集群是基于网络的、以现代信息和通信技术为主要交流手段、以合作创新与发展技术标准等为内容和目的的相关企业的集聚，是市场全球化与网络经济条件下企业竞争与合作的重要组织形式，具有明确的结构内涵、广泛的参与主体、特定的演化路径、发展阶段、组织性质、治理机制和创新优势。其次，应用利益相关者理论和博弈论等，构建系列模型，研究技术创新网络的利益相关者与合作剩余创造和分享，揭示知识产权的作用机理；探索控制权配置与剩余分配谈判机制对合作网络价值创造的影响。再次，采用案例研究和问卷调查结合的方法，以欧洲GSM技术标准网络等为对象，结合问卷调查，对高技术企业虚拟集群的形成与演化进行实证研究，从企业、联盟、国家等层面提出我国高技术企业发展与创新的启示和战略对策。基于多方面原因，本研究存在一定局限。应进一步拓宽视野、加大样本空间，更深入、系统地研究虚拟集治理等问题。

The virtualization of High-tech firm cluster is witnessed as a mainstream trend in modern technological innovation and competition. This study focuses on the development of virtual clusters of high-tech firm and its underlining mechanisms from aspects such as the form of cooperation for technological standard development, its main players, and its management tools. A number of results have been achieved with important theoretical and practical significance.First, the virtual clusters of high-tech firms is the networking of firms in purpose to operate cooperative innovation and technological standard development by exploiting modern information and communication technologies as main communication tools. It is an elemental organization for firm competition and cooperation in an environment of market globalization，attributed as with clear structure, various players, specific evolutionary path and governance mode, as well as innovative advantages.Second, with the introduction of the stakeholder theory and the game theory a series of models are established to study the stakeholders of the technological-innovation networks and the sharing of cooperation surplus among them. Built on such effort, the impact of the intellectual property rights is explained, and the influence of control right arrangement, as well as negotiation on surplus allocation, over the value-creation of the cooperative network is explored.Third, by combining case studies on and surveys with the European GSM network and the technology standards proposed, empirical studies on the development and evolution of virtual clusters of high-tech firms is carried out to offer important strategic suggestions regarding firm-level, alliance-level, and state-level practices. Certainly, this study is subject to limitations. Further researches can be done in terms of the expanding of research scope, the enlarging of sample volume, the more detailed and systematic research on the governance of the virtual clusters.

高技术企业集群"虚拟化"，是当今技术创新与竞争战略的主流趋势，具有必然性。本研究从技术标准合作的形式、参与主体以及管理与控制等方面对高技术企业虚拟集群的形成与演化机理进行理论和实证研究，具有重要的理论与实践意义，取得系列研究结论。首先，高技术企业虚拟集群是基于网络的、以现代信息和通信技术为主要交流手段、以合作创新与发展技术标准等为内容和目的的相关企业的集聚，是市场全球化与网络经济条件下企业竞争与合作的重要组织形式，具有明确的结构内涵、广泛的参与主体、特定的演化路径、发展阶段、组织性质、治理机制和创新优势。其次，应用利益相关者理论和博弈论等，构建系列模型，研究技术创新网络的利益相关者与合作剩余创造和分享，揭示知识产权的作用机理；探索控制权配置与剩余分配谈判机制对合作网络价值创造的影响。再次，采用案例研究和问卷调查结合的方法，以欧洲GSM技术标准网络等为对象，结合问卷调查，对高技术企业虚拟集群的形成与演化进行实证研究，从企业、联盟、国家等层面提出我国高技术企业发展与创新的启示和战略对策。基于多方面原因，本研究存在一定局限。应进一步拓宽视野、加大样本空间，更深入、系统地研究虚拟集治理等问题。