作为一种广泛用于畜禽水产养殖业的抗菌药，硝基呋喃及其代谢物的残留问题给动物源食品安全带来了严重威胁，给我国的对外贸易带来了重大损失。长期研究表明，硝基呋喃类药物及其代谢产物具有致癌，致突变性等许多毒害作用。因此，美国，日本，欧盟和中国等都立法严禁在动物源食品中使用硝基呋喃类药物。但该类药物由于药效显著，价格低廉，并且其代谢物分子很小，难以检测，所以屡禁不绝。目前，又缺少合宜的检测手段。为此，本研究组以硝基呋喃药物代谢物的免疫原制备的初步研究结果为基础，进一步优化合成硝基呋喃及其代谢物的全抗原的方法，着眼于解决合成全抗原过程中的重要科学问题，进而筛选出能够激发动物免疫系统，产生高效价，高特异性抗体的免疫原，并将建立硝基呋喃药物的免疫亲和层析法，纯化所得的抗血清。在深入研究所得抗体的竞争反应特异性，交叉反应性的基础上，建立高灵敏度的检验硝基呋喃及其代谢物在动物源食品中残留的酶联免疫分析方法。

Nitrofurans are a class of 5-nitrofuran antibiotics and has been widely and effectively used for the prevention and treatment of gastrointestinal infections caused by Escherichia coli and Salmonella spp. and as a growth promoter in cattle, pigs and poultry. The most commonly used nitrofurans include four drugs: furazolidone, furaltadone, nitrofurantoin, and nitrofurazone. Due to the potential carcinogenic effects of its residues on human health, many countries in the world including USA, EU, Japan and China have made the law to prohibit the application of nitrofurans in food-producing animals. However, monitoring residues of the parent drug furazolidone is unsuitable because of instability of the nitrofurans. It is possible, nevertheless, to monitor tissue-bound metabolites 3-amino-2-oxazolidinone (AOZ, a metabolite of furazolidone), 3-amino-5-morpholinomethyl-2-oxazolidinone (AMOZ, a metabolite of furaltadone), 1-aminohydrantoin (AHD, a metabolite of nitrofurantoin), and semicarbazide (SEM, a metabolite of nitrofurazone) because it is believed through research that parent drugs metabolize rapidly in vitro and in vivo, whereas the protein-bound metabolites of these nitrofurans are detectable for a long time after administration. Because nitrofurans are easily available and able to obtain at low price, moreover, it is hard to detect these drugs due to small molecular sizes, these drugs are still used in many countries in the world. To find a rapid, convenient, accurate analytical method, this research projects study to use immunoassay to analyze these drugs and metabolites. The conjugates were prepared to link haptens with carrier proteins such as BSA, OVA or KLH to form immunogens. The anti-nitrofuran antibodies, then, were prepared through immunization of animals. The immunoassays were established for these four drugs and motabolites based on the antibodies prepared.

作为一种广泛用于畜禽水产养殖业的抗菌药，硝基呋喃及其代谢物的残留问题给动物源食品安全带来了严重威胁，给我国的对外贸易带来了重大损失。长期研究表明，硝基呋喃类药物及其代谢产物具有致癌，致突变性等许多毒害作用。因此，美国，日本，欧盟和中国等都立法严禁在动物源食品中使用硝基呋喃类药物。但该类药物由于药效显著，价格低廉，并且其代谢物分子很小，难以检测，所以屡禁不绝。目前，又缺少合宜的检测手段。为此，本研究组以硝基呋喃药物代谢物的免疫原制备的初步研究结果为基础，进一步优化合成硝基呋喃及其代谢物的全抗原的方法，着眼于解决合成全抗原过程中的重要科学问题，进而筛选出能够激发动物免疫系统，产生高效价，高特异性抗体的免疫原，并将建立硝基呋喃药物的免疫亲和层析法，纯化所得的抗血清。在深入研究所得抗体的竞争反应特异性，交叉反应性的基础上，建立高灵敏度的检验硝基呋喃及其代谢物在动物源食品中残留的酶联免疫分析方法。