杂交是植物进化的主要动力，而超亲遗传是杂交的特殊现象，其直接产生优于亲本的性状，为杂种生态位分化提供捷径，与杂种物种形成密切相关，逐渐成为进化领域新热点。花相关性状超亲遗传在物种形成过程中起重要作用，而其分子基础及对适应性进化影响仍然不清。本项目拟利用高通量测序技术通过杂种与亲本比较，分析花相关基因的编码差异和基因表达差异，阐明花序超亲遗传分子基础。利用获得的直系同源基因和差异表达基因，通过杂种与木通-三叶木通杂交带群体和长序木通自然居群对比，分析杂交带持续基因流和自然选择压力对花相关基因多样性和表达水平变化的影响，了解自然选择下亲本基因的印记和表达模式，阐明花序超亲遗传对长序木通适应性进化的影响。木通属作为基部真双子叶植物，其花进化模式与物种分化的研究可以揭示被子植物基部类群和真双子叶植物之间的关系，更暗示着各异的进化途径，将有助于加深被子植物进化的整体理解，并对杂交育种有指导意义。

Hybridization is a main stimulus of evolution. Transgressive inheritance, a special phenomenon of hybridization, yield morphological characters superior to the parents, and provide a shortcut for niche differentiation of hybrids. Therefore, transgressive inheritance gradually become a new hotspot of evolution. The transgressive inheritance of flowers character played an important role in hybridization. However, the molecular basis of transgressive inheritance and the influence to adaptive evolution is unclear. This program is aimed to use high-throughput sequencing technology to analysis code differences and expression difference of genes related to flowers through comparison between F1 and its parents, and clarify the molecular basis of transgressive inheritance of inflorescence length. We planned to analysis the influence of continuous gene flow in hybrid zones and natural selection pressure to diversity and expression level of genes related to flower, using obtained orthologues and differential expression genes, through comparison among F1 and its parents, Akebia trifoliate-A. quinata hybrid zone and A. longeracemosa natural populations, to comprehend genomic imprinting and expression pattern of parents’ genes under nature selection, to illuminate the influence of inflorescence length transgressive inheritance to adaptive evolution of A. longeracemosa. Akebia as basal eudicot plants, studies on flower evolution model and speciation of Akebia can uncover the relationship of basal eudicot plant and eudicot plant, suggest the different evolutionary path of basal eudicot plant and eudicot plant, contribute to a better entirety understanding of angiosperms evolution, are quite conducive to cross breeding.