围产期抑郁不仅危害女性自身健康，还影响胎儿和婴幼儿的生长发育，使子代出现认知、语言和行为等方面的问题，导致长期负面效应。许多研究已经证实母婴危险因素传递的存在，但其具体的传递途径尚缺乏实证探索。本研究拟在现有围产期队列基础上，延续随访时间至子代36个月，将已收集的母亲围产期抑郁的特征（发生时间、症状及严重程度和发展轨迹）与婴幼儿的生长、发育和疾病情况进行联系和分析，了解代际传递途径的可能规律，同时探索母婴互动（包括母婴依恋和母婴连结）和家庭支持在其中的作用，找寻可能存在的中介或者调节因素。在已有的围产期队列基础上建立具有中国文化背景的母婴队列可以避免重复建设，提供前瞻性数据，还原研究的真实环境。充分了解母亲围产期抑郁影响子代健康的途径，可以帮助确定预防和干预的方向和方法，避免、截断或者减弱健康危险因素在代际传递，这在生育政策调整，家庭结构改变，妇幼心理保健日趋重要的今天具有特别的社会意义。

Perinatal depression not only harms women’s health but also affects the growth and development of their fetuses, babies and children which may lead to long-term problems in cognition, language and behaviors. Much research has shown the transmission of risk from the mothers to the children but little is known concerning the specific pathways of that transmission. This study proposes to extend the follow-up time of the current perinatal depression cohort to the 36-month of their children’s age and to explore the roles of mother-child interactions (including mother-infant attachment and postpartum bonding) and family support in the search for possible mediating and moderating factors for this transmission mechanism. The use of the existing cohort with Chinese cultural situation avoids the duplication of developing a new cohort. The cohort study may provide prospective date and possibilities to understand the genuine context of the study. The study may help understand the pathway of the effect of prenatal depression on children so that appropriate intervention can be identified and developed to prevent, terminate or reduce the intergenerational transmission of the maternal risks. The study may have particular implication in the context of the fertility policy adjustment, the evolution of the family structure, and increasing importance of maternal and child mental health.