传粉者被认为是被子植物花的多样性形成过程中的重要驱动力之一。植物花部性状在接受不同传粉者访问过程中会发生明显的分异。然而，自然界中很多近缘开花植物有相同传粉者类型、同域分布且花期重叠，同时表现出极其丰富的花部性状分异，如马先蒿属植物。传粉者介导的选择在该属植物花部性状分异中的作用值得深入研究。在分析文献和大量前期工作的基础上，申请人认为对于横断山脉这一生物多样性热点地区的马先蒿而言，不同群落环境条件可能潜在的影响传粉者介导的选择作用。本项目拟选取三种马先蒿属植物，分别选取若干具有不同群落特征的居群，以若干花部性状为被选择对象，以居群中单个植株的同种花粉落置、种子产量或质量为适合度衡量指标来测算选择方式和强度。利用多元分析和广义线性混合模型分析等方法手段，寻找影响传粉者介导的选择作用的群落因素，探索群落因素在花部分异中的作用。相关结果将有助于理解共享传粉者且同域分布开花植物的花部分异机制。

Pollinator is regarded as one of the key factors in evolution of flower diversity. Different pollinators may cause rapid divergence in flower design for closely related species. However, many plants from a single genus are sympatric and pollinated by the same pollinators and co-flowered with each other, for example, Pedicularis species. The linkage between pollinator-mediated selection and the high flower diversity of the genus needs further investigations. Based on previous studies and review of relevant literatures, I hypothesize that pollinator-mediated selection of floral traits in Pedicularis should be influenced by community context. Differences in community characteristics may play important role in the floral divergence of species of the genus from Hengduan Mountain, the biodiversity hotspot. In this project, three Pedicularis species will be used to test the hypothesis. Firstly, I will select several populations with different community characteristics for each species by qualifying each of the community characteristics. Secondly, selection of several floral traits will be evaluated via female fitness e.g. seed number or weight per individual and/or conspecific pollen deposition on stigma per flower. Moreover, hand supplemental pollination will be used to eliminate the pollinator-mediated selection on floral traits. Finally, I will use statistical tools of multivariate and generalized lineal mixed model to find the community factor(s) affecting the pollinator-mediated selection on floral traits. Results of this project may uncover the role of community context on floral divergence for species shared similar pollinators and moreover, enrich our understanding of floral evolution in Pedicularis and related other taxa from Hengduan Mountain, the area of biodiversity hotspot.