花生对钙的吸收量仅次于氮，高于磷，与钾相当。钙胁迫导致花生籽仁发育受阻，荚果出现空、秕而减产。近年来，花生空壳发生率陡增，已成为影响我国花生产量的主要因素之一。不同基因型花生耐低钙能力（简称钙效率）呈广泛遗传多样性。本项目在前期花生钙高效品种筛选的基础上，通过根荚分离装置，向根系层和结实层分别供钙，结合45Ca示踪技术，研究产量形成期不同钙效率品种根系、荚果对钙吸收、利用及茎叶贮藏钙的再分配特点，量化不同钙效率花生根、荚、冠（茎叶）三种钙源利用潜力、相互间补偿效应及对籽仁形成的贡献率；探讨不同钙效率品种根、荚形态结构差异及其对钙胁迫的适应机制；阐明植株内源激素与钙效率的关系及调控效应。从钙营养特征、根荚形态结构及激素代谢三方面，揭示不同基因型钙效率差异生理机制及调控机理，探索外施激素或抑制剂缓解钙胁迫的可能性及途径，为花生钙高效品种选育及高效施钙提供依据。

Calcium (Ca) uptake is next to nitrogen, higher than phosphorus and equivalent to potassium in peanut plant. Under Ca stress, development of peanut seed is retarded and the numbers of hollow and immature pod increase, which result in yield reducing. In recent years, the rapidly increasing incidence of hollow pod has become one of the main factors which influences peanut yield in our country. Ca efficiency of peanut with different genotypes presents extensive genetic diversity. This study is based on the previous screening of peanut variety with Ca high efficiency. Applying Ca fertilizer to root zone and pod zone respectively by segregation apparatus of root and pod combined with 45Ca tracer technique are used to: (1) investigate the characteristic of Ca absorbing and utilizing for root and pod and redistribution of store Ca in stem and leaf, quantitative analysis using potential, compensatory effect and the contribution rate to seed formation for the three Ca sources of “root Ca”, “pod Ca” and “store Ca in stem and leaf”; (2) discuss morphological and structural difference of root and pod and their adaptive mechanism to Ca stress; (3) clarify the relationship between endogenous hormone and Ca efficiency, and explore the regulating effect of endogenous hormones on Ca efficiency. Based on this project, we will reveal the physiological mechanism and regulating effect on Ca efficiency of different peanut genotypes from three respects of Ca nutritive peculiarity, form and structure of root and pod and hormone metabolism of plant. We also explore the possibility and approach of relieving Ca stress by applying hormones or hormone inhibitors, which have important theoretical value and practical significance for selecting and breeding Ca high efficiency variety and high efficient Ca-applying.