白龙江-洮河林区是我国西北最大的天然林区，也是毒蘑菇中毒事件的高发地区。毒蘑菇中毒的频发不仅威胁着人们的生命安全，还阻碍了该地区野生菌产业和生态旅游业的发展。全面准确地认知并普及当地所分布毒蘑菇的鉴别特征，并充分了解其中的致死毒素，是预防蘑菇中毒、减少中毒致死率的关键。前期研究发现，引起白龙江-洮河林区蘑菇中毒死亡的毒素主要是鹅膏毒肽，但目前该区域的毒蘑菇物种尚未被全面准确认识，所含鹅膏毒肽的类型和含量也有待研究。本项目拟对白龙江-洮河林区的毒蘑菇进行全面调查和标本收集，综合形态解剖学、分子系统学和植物化学等研究方法，阐明该地区毒蘑菇的物种多样性和分布规律，揭示其中剧毒蘑菇所含鹅膏毒肽的类型与含量，为白龙江-洮河林区及其毗邻区域的毒蘑菇中毒预防和治疗工作提供理论指导。同时，本研究也可望为我国西北林区毒蘑菇中毒预防研究工作提供一个范例。

The Bailongjiang-Taohe Forest Region (BTFR) is the largest natural forest region in Northwest China and an area where mushroom poisoning is frequently reported. Mushroom poisoning not only endangers people’s health, but also strangles the development of wild mushroom industry and ecological tourism in this area. The key of preventing mushroom poisoning and reducing the poisoning death is to recognize poisonous mushrooms and their toxins and popularize such knowledge to mushroom consumers. In our preliminary survey, amanitin was found to be the major lethal toxin in the BTFR, yet little is known about the poisonous mushrooms species, and the types and contents of amanitin in lethal mushrooms remain to be studied. In this project, we tend to make a thorough survey of poisonous mushroom species in the BTFR. By means of morphological study, molecular phylogenetic analysis and phytochemical techniches, this study aims to 1) accurately identify poisonous mushrooms in the BTFR and to uncover species diversity and distributing rules of them in this region; 2) to elucidate types and contents of lethal toxins from poisonous mushrooms distributing in the BTFR. The results of this study can provide guidance for prevention and treatment of mushroom poisoning in the BTFR and its adjacent regions. Futhermore, this project can act as a good example for the study of prevention of mushroom poisoning in forest regions in Northwest China.