动物精子是一类结构和功能都高度特化的细胞，精子顶体结构和蛋白质组分在受精过程中起着决定性的作用，该方面研究目前主要集中在哺乳动物。中华绒螯蟹隶属于甲壳纲、十足目、爬行亚目、绒螯蟹属，广泛分布在我国东部沿海的通海水系，在绒螯蟹属中经济价值最高。中华绒螯蟹精子具有爬行亚目动物的典型特征，即具有无鞭毛、不运动、非浓缩核特征；其顶体包括头帽、中央管和顶体囊结构。研究认为其顶体含有蛋白质和PAS阳性物质，而有关蛋白质种类及其功能至今尚未阐明。本项目结合中华绒螯蟹成熟精子、体外顶体反应与受精过程不同阶段材料，利用双向电泳、高效液相色谱、液相色谱与质谱联用、氨基酸序列分析、免疫荧光、免疫电镜、生物信息学等技术方法，系统研究其顶体蛋白质种类与功能。研究结果为探明其顶体反应与受精机理奠定基础，为阐明其顶体形成分子机制提供资料，也为其精子质量评价、种质保护及良种培育等提供基础依据，具有重要的理论价值和实践意义

Animal Sperm is highly specialized cell in structure and function. The acrosomal structure and its protein composition plays important roles during the fertilization. Studies about the relationship between the acrosomal proteins and fertilization process are currently focused on mammals. Eriocheir sinensis belongs to the Class Crustacea, Decapoda, Reptantia, Eriocheir. They distribute widely in eastern coast in China, and have a higher economic value in Eriocheir. The sperm of E. sinensis is aflagellated, motionless, and with a uncondensed nucleus, which is the typical characteristics in Reptantia. And the acrosome is composed of apical cap, acrosomal tubule and acrosomal vesicle. Previous research suggested that acrosome contains protein and PAS-positive substance, and the types of protein and their functions have not yet been elucidated exhaustively. This project will be used mature sperm of E. sinensis and the materials of different stages of acrosomal reaction and fertilization process, systematically study acrosomal protein types and their function, taking advantage of dimensional electrophoresis, high performance liquid chromatography, LC-MS, amino acid sequence analysis, immunofluorescence, immunoelectron microscope, bioinformatics et al. The research results will lay the foundation for exploring the mechanism of acrosomal reaction and fertilization, and provide data for the molecular mechanism of acrosomal formation, which has an important theory value. It will also be of great practical significance for sperm quality evaluation, germplasm conservation and breeding.