中文摘要
申请人在 B细胞发育和Fc受体研究领域已经取得重要学术成绩,自2009年以来连续在Science、JEM、PNAS等国际权威杂志发表第一或通讯作者研究论文5篇,并在基于抗体 Fc的分子靶向治疗领域开辟了一个新研究方向。这类治疗,包括抗体和Fc融合蛋白,在生物制药领域已经取得巨大成功并持续成为研究重点,为治疗多种疾病提供了新的方法和可能。基于作用方式它们主要分为清除靶标的效应分子、激活靶标信号的激动型分子、和阻断靶标信号的阻断型分子。申请人发现Fc与Fcγ受体的结合对效应和激动型抗体的体内活性都具有决定性影响,但影响方式完全相反—它们分别需要Fc与活化型和抑制型Fcγ受体结合。这些研究证明了Fc的重要性,同时也提出了新问题。为此,申请人将利用新建立的人类Fcγ受体转基因小鼠模型,系统研究Fc对各类Fc融合蛋白及阻断型抗体体内活性的影响和机制,为进一步开发基于抗体Fc的分子靶向治疗提供基础。
英文摘要
The applicant has made significant contributions to the study of B cell development and Fc receptors, and published a series of 5 first- or corresponding- author research articles in high impact journals including Science, JEM, PNAS since 2009. The applicant has also pioneered a new direction in the research of IgG Fc based biological therapeutics. This type of therapeutics, including antibodies and Fc-fusion proteins, has achieved huge success in the field of targeted biological therapeutics and provided new treatments for many diseases, and will continue to be a major focus in this field and bring new therapeutic possibilities. Based on the mechanism of action, they can be classified into three major groups: effector molecules that eliminate the targeted molecules (and cells); agonistic molecules that activate the downstream signaling of the targeted molecules; blockade molecules that block the signaling pathways of the targeted molecules. The applicant's previous studies have shown that the interaction between Fc and Fcγ receptors (FcγRs) is critical for the in vivo activities of both effector and agonistic antibodies, but the Fc-FcγR interactions required by these two types of antibodies are completely different. While effector antibodies require their Fc’s to co-engage activating FcγRs for their in vivo activities, agonistic antibodies require their Fc’s to co-engage the inhibitory FcγR, demonstrating the importance of Fc and warranting further studies. In this study, we will exploit the recently established human FcγR transgenic mouse model, and systematically investigate whether and how the FcγR binding property of Fc regulates the activities of various types of Fc-fusion proteins and blockade antibodies. Addressing these questions is critical for the further development of IgG Fc-based targeted biological therapeutics.
结题摘要
基于抗体Fc片段的分子靶向治疗,包括抗体和Fc融合蛋白,近三十年来在生物制药领域已经取得了巨大成功并持续成为该领域的重点,为多种疾病的治疗提供了新的方法和可能。这些生物治疗基于作用方式主要分为清除靶标的效应分子、激活靶标下游信号通路的激动型分子、和阻断靶标信号通路的阻断型分子。然而,抗体Fc对这些靶向治疗分子的活性影响并不清楚,成为研发这类治疗手段的一个困难。在本项目中,我们聚焦以抗体Fc为基础的靶向治疗分子(抗体)的活性调控规律,利用人类Fcγ受体转基因小鼠模型,系统研究了人类IgG-Fc与Fcγ受体的结合属性对免疫调控抗体活性的影响。通过分析人类不同IgG抗体恒定区,我们发现:1)人类IgG抗体恒定区对激动型抗CD40抗体的活性具有关键影响,具有相同抗原结合区但是不同恒定区的抗CD40抗体具有非常不同的激动型活性,包括免疫激活活性和抗肿瘤活性;2)激动型抗体不仅受到人类IgG-Fc与不同的Fcγ受体的结合的影响,还受到铰链区的的结构特点的关键调控作用,而且抗体恒定区的这两个部分的调控功能是独立的;3)通过探索新的人类IgG激动型抗CD40抗体恒定区的优化策略,我们在新发现的抗体恒定区的Fc和铰链区能够独立调控激动型抗体活性的基础上,提出了一个同时优化抗体恒定区Fc和铰链区的策略,发现结合优化的Fc和铰链区能够获得活性更强的激动型抗体,并在肿瘤模型中得到了验证。这些研究为理解基于抗体Fc片段的分子靶向治疗手段的活性调控规律,设计更好的治疗手段都具有积极的促进作用,为进一步开发基于抗体Fc的生物治疗提供基础。在这些研究的基础上,我们已经申请国内专利1项(李福彬等,增强激动型抗体活性的抗体重链恒定区序列,中国专利申请号:201710429281.6),PCT专利1项(李福彬等,Sequence of antibody heavy chain constant region for enhancing agonistic antibody activity,PCT/CN2017/087620);有2篇论文目前处于数据整理阶段,计划近期以学术论文的形式发表。通过项目实施,完成了培养人才和建立研究平台的目标。包括Fc受体和免疫调控靶点分子的多基因人源化动物模型的研究平台已经开始为药物研发企业服务,签署技术开发合同两项。
