动脉粥样硬化易损斑块的早期精准诊断和及时干预对于防治包括猝死在内的严重心血管事件至关重要，而目前临床常规影像学技术难以实现早期预警。高分辨率的功能分子影像能够在体无创监测斑块组织性质变化，有望实现对斑块易损性的精准评估。本研究项目拟针对易损斑块内特征性病理组织成分的多靶点 (Profilin1/OPN/αvβ3) ，构建靶向单核巨噬细胞/平滑肌细胞/血管新生的多模态纳米探针，基于自主研发的高分辨的光学/核素/磁共振多模态分子影像平台，对ApoE-/-小鼠易损斑块模型中斑块的性质和成份进行在体无创成像和定量分析。随后，以组织学结果为金标准，采用组织结构特异约束的大尺度微分同胚配准算法对斑块的多模态图像配准、融合，构建易损斑块分子影像评分系统，建立动脉易损斑块个体化精准诊治的无创诊断方法及易损性危险分层，最终实现对动脉粥样硬化斑块易损性的预警和疗效评价，为动脉粥样硬化的个体化诊治提供新策略。

Early precise diagnosis and prompt intervention for vulnerable atherosclerotic plaque are crucial to the prevention of severe cardiovascular events including sudden death. However, early detection is of considerate difficulty using conventional clinical imaging technologies. High-resolution functional molecular imaging may realize precise evaluation of plaque vulnerability by noninvasive in vivo monitoring for the composition and character changes of atherosclerotic plaques. This project is designed to aim at the characteristic pathological proteins in atherosclerotic plaque (Profilin1/OPN/LX1), construct multimodel nanoprobe targeting mononuclear macrophage/ smooth muscle cell/ angiogenesis, and realize noninvasive real-time imaging and quantitative analysis for atherosclerotic plaques basing on self-developed high-resolution optical/ acoustical / magnetic multimodal imaging equipment in atherosclerotic ApoE-/- mice model. An organizational structure constrained large-scale differential homeomorphism registration algorithm is proposed to fuse and three-dimensionally quantify multimodal plaque images. Finally, we aim to establish a scoring system for vulnerable atherosclerotic plaque to realize early detection and therapeutical assessment of plaque vulnerability. This project may provide novel strategies for the individual precise theranostics of atherosclerotic plaque.