认识环境变化对生物的影响以及生物对环境变化的适应性是当前全球变化背景下生物多样性研究与保护的核心问题。本项目以受胁鸟类大滨鹬(Calidris tenuirostris)和斑尾塍鹬(Limosa lapponica)为代表性研究对象，围绕关键迁徙停歇地的食物资源变化对鸻鹬类迁徙停歇生态影响这一问题，探讨不同食物条件下生态位分化和资源竞争对两性异型鸟类的食物利用和能量积累所起的作用，分析雌雄个体对食物资源变化的适应性；剖析种间和种内盗食寄生与寄主食物利用的关系及对寄主能量积累的影响；比较不同食物条件下鸟类在能量补给地的停留日期、日发现率、活动区等特征，探究食物资源变化对鸟类活动性的影响；并结合标记个体回收信息从不同迁徙停歇地的食物特征和鸟类的能量积累效率两方面探讨鸟类对迁徙停歇地利用的可塑性。研究结果有助于进一步认识环境变化的生物学和生态学效应，并为制定针对性的候鸟保护对策提供依据。

Understanding the effects of environmental changes on biology and the adaptation of biology to the changes are one of the key issues in biodiversity research and conservation on the current background of global changes. This project will study on the effects of food resource changes on the stopover ecology of shorebirds using the threatened great knots (Calidris tenuirostris) and bar-tailed godwits (Limosa lapponica) as model species. The study includes: 1) to investigate the role of niche segregation and resource competition in the food use and fuel deposition of sexual dimorphism birds under different food condition, and to analyze different adaptability in males and females to food decrease and its mechanism; 2) to explore the relationship between inter- and intraspecific kleptoparasitism and food use of hosts and to detect the effects of kleptoparasitism on fuel deposition of males and females; 3) to compare stopover duration, daily detectability, and home range of birds at different food conditions, and to inquiry effects of food decrease at refueling sites on the movements of birds; and 4) combining with information from resighting of marked individuals, this project will further discuss the plasticity in the use of refueling sites from the aspects of food condition and fuel deposition rate of birds at different sites. Results from this project will be helpful not only for further understanding the biological and ecological impacts of environmental changes, but also for making targeted conservation strategies for migratory birds.