针对部分中药材，主要含有植物初级代谢产物（多糖、蛋白质和脂类成分），其相应的质量标准研究薄弱，缺乏专属特征的质量控制指标的现状，本研究以常用药食两用中药薏苡仁为切入点，提出建立基于植物初级代谢产物的差异分析方法,尝试用于相关中药的质量控制。本研究通过采用超高效液相色谱（UPLC）-高分辨质谱联用（HRMS）和超高效合相色谱（UPC2）-HRMS联用建立具有指纹特性的糖图、肽图和脂图的分析方法，借助植物代谢组学方法分析薏苡仁类相似品种、不同产地和栽培方式的薏苡仁样品在糖图、肽图和酯图中的差异成分，进而寻找相关特征成分（群），从而建立薏苡仁特征的质量控制方法。本研究首次将肽图分析方法和超高效合相色谱技术（UPC2）引入中药质量标准研究。通过本研究获得的植物初级代谢产物差异分析的系统解决方法，将为解决许多难以评价质量的中药材提供研究方法借鉴。

For crude drugs which mainly have primary metabolites (including polysaccharide,protein and lipid ingredients), it was fact that mark ingredients for qualitity control were lacked in these crude durgs due to their weak studies in quality standards.In this study, the Coix seed, a TCM also used as food, was selected as breakthrough point, a method based on the difference analysis of plant primary metabolites ingredients was proposed.The UPLCHRMS and UPC2-HRMS were both adopted to establish saccharide mapping, peptide mapping and lipid mapping with the figerprint characters, then the method of plant metabolomics was used to analysis the difference in the threemappings of samples.The samples were different seed like coix seed and coix seed come from different origins or different cultivation method. At last,the characteritic ingredients of coix seed were found out, and the ordinary identification method of coix seed could be set up based on the results obtained. In the sdudy, the technology of peptide mapping and UPC2 were first introduced into the study of quality standard in TCM. Through the study , the method would be usefull for the the quality standard of crude drug which had no method to evaluated.

本项目拟从中药种仁中的初级代谢产物（脂质和多糖）入手，探索其品质评价的质量控制方法，以区分产地和近似品种。通过本项目研究：1）首次对中药种仁类药材进行了脂图的研究，获得了脂图；建立了快速的超高效合相色谱分析方法，分析时间8min；2）首次对薏苡仁、草珠子、桃仁、山桃仁、苦杏仁和郁李仁的甘油脂质（包括甘油三酯，甘油二酯和甘油一酯）的分布情况进行了系统的表征；上述种仁均含有甘油三亚油酸酯（LLL）,甘油二亚油酸-棕榈酸酯（LLP）,甘油二亚油酸-油酸酯（LLO）,甘油亚油酸-油酸-棕榈酸酯（POL）,甘油二油酸-亚油酸酯(OOL)；甘油二油酸-棕榈酸酯（OOP）,甘油三油酸酯（OOO）; 所含有的甘油二酯和甘油一酯为上述甘油三酯的降解产物；其中甘油三酯和甘油二酯比例在不同种属，不同产地间具有统计意义的差别；3）首次对上述种仁中主要七种甘油三酯类含量进行了定量分析；其中薏苡仁和草珠子中含量一般在3 - 7%之间；而桃仁等含量在30- 50%之间；4）首次对薏苡仁中单糖组成的糖谱进行了表征；发现单糖主要包括甘露糖（0.13%~0.32%），葡萄糖（0.80%~1.64%），半乳糖（0.10%~0.29%），木糖和阿拉伯糖（0.04%~0.10%）等组成，总糖含量在1.19%~2.24%之间；5）首次对桃仁等四种种仁进行了分子显微镜分析，直观发现了各种仁成分分布特征。 通过本项目种仁中含有的主要脂质类成分进行品质的评价，研究结果发现其含有的甘油三脂和甘油二酯在品种区分和产地判定上具有一定的应用前景；其中产地判定上，主要能区分薏苡仁以纬度划分的产区；而品种区分能够区分桃仁，山桃仁，苦杏仁和郁李仁。