合理稻田轮作是稻田培肥，缓解施肥过量的重要措施，土壤氮激发效应是土壤养分释放、植物养分吸收过程中的关键机制，但是针对不同类型冬季作物秸秆还田模式下土壤的氮激发效应的差异性研究目前较少，而结合长期轮作的积累性研究则尚未见报道。本试验以13年长期水旱轮作试验为基础，从长期轮作土壤质地、不同类型秸秆还田和水稻根际分泌物差异三个方面，研究长期轮作下（1）代表不同轮作类型土壤的氮激发效应差异，及其氮激发途径差异；（2）不同类型秸秆还田下，土壤氮激发效应的差异性及其影响因子；不同轮作类型对土壤有机态氮组分含量的影响；（3）不同类型轮作中，水稻根系分泌、氮肥施用与土壤氮激发的互作机制。从而明确不同轮作模式下土壤氮激发效应差异性及其在氮素矿化过程中的作用，从而针对轮作类型优化水稻氮肥运筹，提高稻田氮肥高效利用。

Reasonable crop rotation is one of the important agronomic practices to improve the soil fertility and to alleviate nitrogen pollution due to excess use of fertilizer in rice paddy, and soil nitrogen priming effect (NPE) in crop rotation system is considered to be the key mechanism in regulating the soil nitrogen cycle and utilization during the soil nitrogen mineralization. However the study on the response of NPE characteristics to different rice-upland crops rotation is seldom reported, and the research on the interaction effect of rotation years and rotation types were even less. In current study, a 13-years long term field experiment has been established with different rice–upland crops rotation since 2003. The objections are to study the long term effect of different rice-upland crops rotation on (1) The soil nitrogen priming effects and their path ways; (2) The effect of types of straws retained on the NPE, and its influence factors; (3) the interactions effect of soil types, nitrogen levels, and root exudates on the soil NPE. The results will help to illustrate the NPE effect on soil nitrogen cycling and utilization under different rice-upland rotation system as well as its roles in nitrogen mineralization process, which will help to optimize the nitrogen management in rice-upland crops rotation system.