中文摘要
前蛋白转化酶枯草溶菌素9(PCSK9)可促进低密度脂蛋白受体(LDLR)降解而调节血浆胆固醇动态平衡,成为降低动脉粥样硬化(AS)风险的重要靶点。通过注射PCSK9单克隆抗体以阻碍LDLR降解,显著降低血浆胆固醇水平。但长期注射单抗既不安全又价格昂贵,迫切需要研究抑制PCSK9新办法。申请人发表在JBC、PNAS、JLR等杂志前期工作探讨了PCSK9代谢与LDLR降解的关系,发现下调货运受体Surf4表达会显著降低PCSK9分泌,表明Surf4可能介导PCSK9分泌,但相关分子机制尚不明确。我们推测PCSK9从细胞到血浆的分泌调节可能是限制PCSK9介导LDLR降解的另一条途径。本项目采用现代生物化学和细胞生物学技术(慢病毒和腺相关病毒shRNA敲低系统,免疫沉淀与免疫印迹、二维电泳与激光共聚焦等),确定Surf4参与PCSK9从体外细胞和小鼠体内分泌的作用机制,盼为治疗AS提供新策略。
英文摘要
Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin-type 9 (PCSK9) plays a central regulatory role in plasma low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol homeostasis through promoting the degradation of the LDL receptor. Administering a monoclonal antibody against PCSK9 significantly reduces plasma LDL cholesterol levels. However, long-term injections of large exogenous proteins such as monoclonal antibodies may not be safe. Furthermore, antibody therapy is very expensive. Thus, an alternative strategy is needed to inhibit PCSK9-mediated LDL receptor degradation. Thus another possible target in blocking PCSK9-mediated LDLR degradation is the machinery that assists in PCSK9 secretion from cells into plasma. Our preliminary data, published in JBC, PNAS, and JLR, showed that knockdown of cargo receptor Surf4 expression reduced PCSK9 secretion in cultured cells. Thus, we proposed that PCSK9 requires specific cargo receptors, such as Surf4, to facilitate its secretion. We will utilize modern biochemistry and molecular biology approaches (lentiviral and adeno-associated viral shRNA knockdown system, immunoblotting and immunoprecipitation, 2D electrophoresis, and confocal microscopy) to investigate the role of Surf4 in PCSK9 secretion in both in vitro (cultured cells) and in vivo (mice) models. Outcomes from our studies will illustrate the molecular mechanisms of Surf4-induced PCSK9 secretion and provide fundamental information for the design of new therapies to lower LDL-C levels.
结题摘要
血浆里的PCSK9可以结合并促进肝脏中的低密度脂蛋白受体(LDLR)降解,从而升高血浆里的低密度脂蛋白-胆固醇(LDL-C)水平,增强动脉粥样硬化的危险性。注射PCSK9 的单克隆抗体可以阻碍其结合LDLR,并显著降低家族遗传性高胆固醇血症患者的血脂水平。不过长期注射单克隆抗体 并不十分安全, 而且单抗药物非常昂贵,从而限制了此类药物的广泛应用。因此,有必要研究新的方案来抑制PCSK9介导的LDLR降解。血浆里的PCSK9主要从肝细胞中分泌,并且它在血液循环中的半衰期只有5分钟左右,因此阻止PCSK9从细胞分泌到血浆可能是限制PCSK9介导LDLR降解的另一种途径。但是何种分子机制介导PCSK9的分泌,目前尚不明确。在本研究中,我们发现在培养的肝细胞中敲低货运受体Surf4的表达量会显著降低PCSK9的分泌量。进一步研究发现PCSK9的羧基端可能参与了Surf4的识别和结合,从而在PCSK9的分泌过程中发挥了重要的作用。另外,我们应用小鼠结合慢病毒shRNA敲低系统发现Surf4可能也介导了PCSK9在体内的分泌。因此,我们推测Surf4可能在PCSK9的分泌过程中发挥了重要的作用,并且是一个合理有效的靶点来降低血浆中PCSK9 的浓度。我们将构建Surf4敲除小鼠模型,以便进一步确定Surf4与PCSK9分泌的相关性以及Surf4在脂代谢中的调控作用,从而为临床治疗高血脂提供新策略。
