全穴居哺乳动物（CFSMs）是哺乳动物一大生态类群，洞穴在它们生活史中极其重要。中国穿山甲主要分布在我国，是CFSMs成员之一,也是少数几种体温较低和唯一体被鳞甲的哺乳动物，十分特别，2014年IUCN-SSC将其升级为极度濒危动物。我们已对其洞穴结构、功能和生境选择进行了研究，但洞穴小环境特点及其适应对策还没有被揭示。本项目将采用野外、实验和圈养观察相结合的研究方法，对中国穿山甲洞穴小气候、热能代谢、血液生化、血气性质特点以及该物种生活方式改变后（野外地下穴居-地面圈养暴露）的生理和行为变化进行研究。旨在揭示中国穿山甲地下洞穴小环境的特异性和适应策略，阐明该物种是如何适应地下生活的；给出圈养条件下中国穿山甲人工小环境设置与管理建议；讨论全球气候变化对CFSMs可能带来的影响。研究结果能进一步丰富CFSMs环境适应理论，也能为该物种保护、圈养和人工种群建立提供理论依据。

The completely fossorial subterranean mammals（CFSMs） is a larger ecological group in mammalia. Burrows play a key role in their life cycle. Chinese pangolin, Manis pentadactyla, mainly distribute in China, is one of CFSMs members, and is also one of the few low body temperature mammals and the only mammal covered with scales, very special. It was upgraded to a critically endangered animal by IUCN-SSC in 2014. We have carried out the studies on burrow structure,functions and habitat selection. However,burrow microenvironment traits and its adaptive strategies to burrow microenvironment are still unclear to us. This project will adopt the combined methods of field studies, experimental studies and captive care observation to do research on burrow microenvironment, thermal energy metabolism, blood biochemistry, blood gas properties, and the physiologcal and behavior changes after their life style convertion (from nearly closed burrows below ground to fully exposed captivity above ground).The purpose is to reveal microenvironment specificity in Chinese pangolin underground burrows and the adaptive strategies, present the proposal of artificial ambience settings and management under captive care conditions，discuss the possible impact of the global climate change on the CFSMs. Results of this research can perfect the environmental adaptive theory of the CFSMs, but also provide theoretical basis for the species protection, captive rescue and artificial population establishing.