太行山猕猴属中国的猕猴特有亚种-华北亚种（Macaca mulatta tcheliensis），目前仅分布于太行山南端地区---世界野生猕猴分布的北限。猕猴对栖息环境适应能力强，其社会结构及其变化是学者们关注重点。生活史早期的社会相互作用对猕猴后续的生存、竞争能力、社群等级等有深远影响。本项目拟在以往研究基础上，以太行山猕猴的0~2周岁婴幼年个体为对象，采用野外观测、实验室检测、分析等宏观和微观结合的方法，通过对这些个体与母亲、非母亲成年雌性、成年雄性、同胞与同龄个体相互作用特征及其随年龄增长变化的研究，分析猕猴生活史早期社会网络萌芽、发育和形成特点，揭示影响猕猴婴幼年个体社会网络的主要因素，回答灵长类社会形态进化中有关自然选择与适应的理论问题，丰富和完善灵长类社会形态与环境关系的理论体系；为今后进一步开展灵长类社会形态起源、适应与变异的比较研究奠定基础，并推动中国灵长类社会生态学研究。

Taihangshan macaque (Macaca mulatta tcheliensis), an endemic subspecies within rhesus macaque to China, currently occurred southern parts of Mt. Taihangshan area, where is regarded the northernmost distribution sites of Macaca mulatta worldwide. Rhesus macaques were well adapted y to the conditions that they dwelled, and the social structure and its variation of this species had long been focused by researchers. Social interactions and experience among infants and juveniles during early life history inevitably and deeply impact survival, competition, social ranks, etc. in their later life of given individuals. Based on conducted works regarding Taihangshan macaques of our research group, by taking those individuals with 0~2 years of age as subjects in a target troop, and using methods of field observation, laboratory testing and analysis, we intended to investigate treats of interactions and the variation between young macaques and mother, adult females other than mother, adult males, and siblings and peers, respectively. We aimed to understand the formation, development, and influential factors of social network of rhesus macaque during its early life history. We expected that this research will helpful to answer those questions related to natural selection and adaption of the evolution of primates social structure, to enrich theory of relationship between social forms and environment of primates, and to set base for comparison on origin, adaptation and variations among primate species. We hope our works will contribute to and promote the researches on social ecology in China.