品行障碍与违法犯罪密切相关，伴冷漠特质品行障碍者常表现出更严重的反社会行为。对冷漠特质的有效干预将显著降低其社会危险性。但目前仍缺乏有效的干预措施，有必要研究冷漠特质的病因学机制和寻找有效干预方法。增强信任感和亲社会行为有助于改善冷漠特质，现有研究证实催产素可增加人类的信任感和亲社会行为。故本研究提出假设：①催产素对冷漠特质具有改善作用；②青少年冷漠特质与催产素受体基因有关。本研究从未成年管教所选取品行障碍冷漠特质组和单纯品行障碍组作为研究组，以同龄健康中学生为对照组，比较三组间催产素浓度、催产素受体基因多态性和甲基化水平，以探寻品行障碍者冷漠特质的遗传学机制。同时采用随机、双盲、交叉和安慰剂对照方法，运用言语性和非言语性情感刺激试验和信任游戏，首次探讨催产素对品行障碍者冷漠特质的干预作用，并分析干预疗效与催产素受体基因的关系。研究成果将为伴冷漠特质品行障碍者的个体化干预提供初步证据。

Conduct disorder(CD) refers to a pattern of repetitive rule-breaking behavior, aggression, and always associated with crimes. Callous–unemotional traits(CU) have been added to the fifth edition of the DSM (DSM-5) as a specifier for the diagnosis of conduct disorder, which include reduced guilt, callousness, uncaring behavior, and reduced empathy. CD with callous–unemotional traits have a poorer prognosis and treatment response. They also incur a considerable societal burden from interpersonal suffering and financial costs. A torrent of studies found out that oxytocin can increases trust and cooperation. These findings quickly led to speculation about clinical applications. Until now, we have not find any studies on oxytocin treatment to conduct disorder with CU traits. Therefore, we presume that: oxytocin can improve CU traits among conduct disorder, CU traits will be associated with oxytocin receptor gene. In order to confirm hypothesis, we will recruit male juvenile offenders (include 100 CD with CU , 100 CD without CU, aged 14-18) from juvenile reformatory. One hundred normal male high school students, match age and sex with offenders, will include as control group. Methylation of the CpG island on transcriptional activity of oxytocin receptor gene, 8 SNPs of oxytocin receptor gene and blood concentration of oxytocin will be detected. This is part 1 of the study, in order to explore the association between oxytocin receptor gene and conduct disorder with CU traits. Randomized, double-blind, crossover, and placebo-controlled trial is used in part 2. In this part, face expression and verbal stimuli will be used to assess participants’ face recognition before and after intervention. Participants will also play assurance game before and after intervention. We hope to find whether oxytocin have treatment efficiency to conduct disorder with CU traits, which kind of participants respond positively to the hormone, and whether the different efficiency is in association with variants and methylation of the oxytocin receptor gene.